Kohima Stone Explained

Kohima Stone Inscription
Native Name:(Manipuri: Kohima Khut-ee Nungpak)
Native Name Lang:Meitei
Writing:Sanskritised Meitei language (in Bengali-Assamese script)
Symbols:Kanglasha (dragon lion), a bull and the footprints of Gambhir Singh
Created:1833 AD
Discovered Place:Kohima, Nagaland
Location:Nagaland State Museum, Kohima, Nagaland
Culture:Meitei culture

The Kohima Stone or Gambhir Singh's Stone is monument, erected by Meitei King Gambhir Singh (Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba) of Manipur (princely state) in Kohima, the capital of Nagaland. It was erected in 1833 as a mark of Manipuri conquest of the Kohima in 1832. It is inscribed in sanskritised Manipuri (Meitei) in Bengali-Assamese script. Manipuri King Gambhir Singh and the powerful Manipuri Levy conquered the whole of the Naga Hills. The stone was erected after his final defeat of the Angami peoples of Kohimathat.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

History

Manipuri influence over the Naga ethnic groups declined during the period before and after the Burmese war of 1819–25. However, it was re-asserted by Gambhir Singh. At Kohima, he stood on a flat stone and had his footprints sculpted on it as a token of conquest. Kohima and its surrounding villages were the boundaries of Manipur.[2] [3] [4]

The stone is frequently mentioned in land laws and orders announced by the later British government of the Naga Hills. [6]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Sanajaoba, Naorem. Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization. 1988. Mittal Publications. 978-81-7099-853-2. en. 2022-06-14. 2022-06-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20220614194904/https://books.google.com/books?id=-CzSQKVmveUC&dq=kohima+stone+inscriptions+Gambhir+singh+Manipur+jurisdiction+naga+hills&pg=PR77. live.
  2. Book: Sinha (Brigadier.), S. P.. Lost Opportunities: 50 Years of Insurgency in the North-east and India's Response. 2007. Lancer Publishers. 978-81-7062-162-1. en. 2022-06-14. 2022-06-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20220614194954/https://books.google.com/books?id=ngtgH9RYB0EC&dq=kohima+stone+Gambhir+singh&pg=PA79. live.
  3. Book: Singh, Dr Th Suresh. The Endless Kabaw Valley: British Created Visious Cycle of Manipur, Burma and India. 2014-06-02. Quills Ink Publishing. 978-93-84318-00-0. en. 2022-06-14. 2022-06-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20220614194905/https://books.google.com/books?id=kbu_AwAAQBAJ&dq=kohima+stone+Gambhir+singh&pg=PA138. live.
  4. Book: Johnstone, James. My Experiences in Manipur and the Naga Hills. 2018-05-23. BoD – Books on Demand. 978-3-7326-9966-7. en. 2022-06-14. 2022-06-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20220614194906/https://books.google.com/books?id=aQhdDwAAQBAJ&dq=kohima+stone+inscription&pg=PA30. live.
  5. Book: The Cultural Heritage of Manipur. Meitei. Sanjenbam Yaiphaba. Chaudhuri. Sarit K.. Arunkumar. M. C.. 2020-11-25. Routledge. 978-1-000-29637-2. en. 2022-06-14. 2022-06-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20220614194906/https://books.google.com/books?id=c276DwAAQBAJ&dq=Gambhir+kohima+stone+inscription+Nagaland+Bengali+script&pg=PT125. live.
  6. Book: Sharma, Suresh K.. Documents on North-East India: Nagaland. 2006. Mittal Publications. 978-81-8324-095-6. en. 2022-06-14. 2022-06-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20220614194946/https://books.google.com/books?id=_-YixIgJbSAC&dq=kohima+stone+Gambhir+singh&pg=PA23. live.

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