| Kochi Metropolitan Area | |
| Settlement Type: | Metropolitan Area |
| Pushpin Label Position: | right |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Kerala, India |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | India |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name1: | Kerala |
| Subdivision Name2: | Ernakulam |
| Seat Type: | Core city |
| Seat: | Kochi |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 440 |
| Population Total: | 2,119,724 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Footnotes: | [2] |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Languages |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Official |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +5:30 |
| Area Code: | 0484 |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone code |
| Registration Plate: | KL-7, KL-39, KL-40, KL-41, KL-42, KL-43,KL-63 |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Malayalam |
The Kochi metropolitan area or Kochi urban agglomeration is a metropolitan area consisting of Kochi and its satellite towns in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India. With a population of more than 2.1 million within an area of 440 km2, it is the most populous metropolitan area in Kerala.[3]
The area constituted on the basis of census data 2011, consists of Kochi Municipal Corporation, 9 municipalities, 15 Panchayaths and parts of 4 Panchayaths. The 9 municipalities are Aluva, Thrippunithura, Maradu, Thrikkakara, Kalamassery, Eloor, North Paravur, Perumbavoor and Angamali. The fifteen Panchayaths consists of Chengamanad, Nedumbassery, Cheranelloor, Varapuzha, Chennamangalam, Kadamakkudy, Mulavukad, Kadungalloor, Alengad, Chottanikkara, Choornikkara, Edathala, Kizhakkambalam, Kumbalam, Kottuvally and Vypin Island.[4]
The state government and the GCDA have plans to include Mala and Kodungallur in Thrissur district; Piravom and Kolenchery in Ernakulam district; Thalayolaparambu and Vaikom in Kottayam; and Cherthala in Alappuzha district within the Kochi metropolitan limits.[5]
See main article: History of Kochi. Kochi was the princely state under the Kingdom of Kochi which came into existence in 1102, after the fall of the Kulasekhara empire.[6] The princely state had the Kochi mainland as the capital. The state was ruled by Cochin Royal Family.
On the earlier days, the kingdom of Kochi was always under the shadow of the attacks from Samoothirippadu (often anglicised as Zamorin), the ruler of Malabar the northern neighbour. From 1503 to 1663, Kochi was allied to Portugal. Kochi hosted the grave of Vasco da Gama, the first European explorer to set sail for India, who was buried at St. Francis Church until his remains were returned to Portugal in 1539.[7] The Dutch, who had allied with the Zamorins in order to conquer Kochi, later became an ally of Kochi.
In the battle of Ambalapuzha (3 January 1754), the Dutch allied Kochi was defeated by Marthanda Varma of Travancore (who was allied with United Kingdom) after he defeated the Dutch in the Battle of Colachel-1741. In 1757 AD, a treaty was concluded between Travancore and Cochin, ensuring peace and stability on the Southern border. By 1773, the Mysore King Hyder Ali extended his conquest in the Malabar region to Kochi, forcing it to become a tributary of Mysore. The hereditary Prime Ministership of Kochi held by the Paliath Achans came to an end during this period. The Dutch, who feared an outbreak of war on the Dutch Republic signed a treaty with the United Kingdom, had left South India by then. This was in exchange for the island of Bangka as per the treaty.[8] Kochi was thus under the British rule, till India gained independence in 1947.
In 1949, Travancore-Cochin state came into being with the merger of Cochin and Travancore. After the King of Kochi refused to take any official position, The King of Travancore was made the Rajpramukh of the Travancore-Cochin Union from 1949 to 1956. Travancore-Cochin, was in turn merged with the Malabar district of the Madras State. Finally, the Government of India's States Reorganisation Act (1956) inaugurated a new state Kerala; incorporating Travancore-Cochin (excluding the four southern Taluks which were merged with Madras State), Malabar District, and the taluk of Kasargod, South Kanara.[9]
The Kochi urban agglomeration was defined in 1998, with the corporation of Cochin, municipalities of North Paravur Aluva, Angamaly, Kalamassery, and 11 adjoining villages.[10]
See main article: Economy of Kochi.
Kochi is known as the financial and economic capital of Kerala.[11] [12]
The economic growth gathered momentum after economic reforms in India introduced by the central government in the mid-1990s. Since 2000, the service sector has energized the economy.[13] Over the years, the city has witnessed rapid commercialisation, and has today grown into the commercial capital of Kerala.[14]