Koch's triangle explained

Koch's triangle, also known as the triangle of Koch, is named after the German pathologist Walter Koch.^[1] It is an anatomical area located at the base of the right atrium, and its boundaries are the coronary sinus orifice, tendon of Todaro, and the septal leaflet of the right atrioventricular valve (also known as the tricuspid valve).^[2] It is anatomically significant because the atrioventricular node is located at the apex of the triangle. The base is formed by the coronary sinus orifice and the vestibule of the right atrium, and the hypotenuse is formed by the tendon of Todaro, which is often a continuation off the Eustachian valve. Other structures near to it are the membranous septum and the Eustachian ridge. Variations in the size of Koch's triangle are common.

The triangle of Koch is an important landmark for atrioventricular catheter ablation procedures for the localization of the atrioventricular node.^[3]

Further reading

• Sumitomo . Naokata . Tateno . Shigeru . Nakamura . Yoshihide . Ushinohama . Hiroya . Taniguchi . Kazuo . Ichikawa . Rie . Fukuhara . Junji . Abe . Osamu . Miyashita . Michio . Kanamaru . Hiroshi . Ayusawa . Mamoru . Harada . Kensuke . Mugishima . Hideo . Clinical Importance of Koch's Triangle Size in Children . Circulation Journal . 71 . 12 . 1918–21 . 2007 . 18037746 . 10.1253/circj.71.1918 . free .
• Francalanci . Paola . Drago . Fabrizio . Agostino . Domenico Antonio . Liso . Gaetano . Giommo . Vincenzo . Boldrini . Renata . Ragonese . Pietro . Bosman . Cesare . Koch's Triangle in Pediatric Age: Correlation with Extra- and Intracardiac Parameters . Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology . 21 . 8 . 1576–9 . 1998 . 9725156 . 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00245.x .
• Inoue . Shin . Becker . Anton E. . Koch's Triangle Sized Up: Anatomical Landmarks in Perspective of Catheter Ablation Procedures . Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology . 21 . 8 . 1553–8 . 1998 . 9725153 . 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00242.x .
• Sánchez-Quintana . Damián . Picazo-Angelín . Beatriz . Cabrera . Alberto . Murillo . Margarita . Cabrera . José Ángel . Koch's Triangle and the Atrioventricular Node in Ebstein's Anomaly: Implications for Catheter Ablation . Revista Española de Cardiología . 63 . 6 . 660–7 . 2010 . 20515623 . 10.1016/S1885-5857(10)70140-7 .
• Anderson . R. H. . Cook . A. C. . The structure and components of the atrial chambers . Europace . 9 . Suppl 6 . vi3–9 . 2007 . 17959691 . 10.1093/europace/eum200 . free .

External links

• Web site: Triangle of Koch . University of Minnesota .
• Web site: Illustration . health-pictures.com .

Notes and References

1. 10.1532/HSF98.20101047 . 14 . Calling the Heart by Name: Distinguished Eponyms in the History of Cardiac Anatomy . 2011 . The Heart Surgery Forum . 183 . Conti . Andrea A.. 3 . 28989761 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180802040922/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d1a2/47c7a80df61b8d9ada78f940be727daa6b7b.pdf . dead . 2018-08-02 .
2. Book: Catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. Huang, Shoei K.,, Miller, John M. (John Michael), 1954-. 9780323244299. Third . Philadelphia, PA. Figure 6-6. 892338420.
3. Web site: Feger . Joachim . Triangle of Koch Radiology Reference Article Radiopaedia.org . 2024-01-19 . Radiopaedia . en-US.