| Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture | |
| Settlement Type: | Autonomous prefecture |
| Translit Lang1: | Name |
| Translit Lang1 Info: | Chinese: 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州 |
| Translit Lang1 Info1: | Uighur; Uyghur: قىزىلسۇ قىرغىز ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى |
| Translit Lang1 Info2: | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: قىزىلسۇۇ قىرعىز اپتونوم وبلاسى |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Xinjiang |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Artux |
| Area Total Km2: | 70916 |
| Elevation M: | 1150-7000+ |
| Elevation Ft: | 3800-23000+ |
| Population Total: | 622222 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 Census |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Density Urban Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Demographics |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Major ethnic groups |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP[1] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Total |
| Demographics2 Info1: | CN¥ 15.9 billion US$ 2.3 billion |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | CN¥ 25,556 US$ 3,698 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Timezone: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
| Iso Code: | CN-XJ-30 |
| S: | 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州 |
| P: | Kèzīlèsū Kē'ěrkèzī Zìzhìzhōu |
| Xej: | كْذِلْصُوَع كْعَركْذِ ذِجِجِوْ |
| Uig: | قىزىلسۇ قىرغىز ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى |
| Uly: | Qizilsu Qirghiz Aptonom Oblasti |
| Uyy: | K̡izilsu K̡irƣiz Aptonom Oblasti |
| Sgs: | K̂izilsu K̂irĝiz Aptonom Oblasti |
| Usy: | Қизилсу Қирғиз аптоном области |
| Lang1: | ky |
| Lang1 Content: | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: قىزىلسۇۇ قىرعىز اپتونوم وبلاسى Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: Кызылсуу Кыргыз аптоном обласы |
Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in western Xinjiang, China, bordering Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Its capital is Artux. The prefecture is home to 622,222 people and covers an area of 70916km2. Most Kyrgyz in China reside in Kizilsu; they make up a little over a quarter of the prefecture's population. The Uyghurs are the largest ethnic group in Kizilsu, consisting of nearly two-thirds of the population.
The name Kizilsu (also spelled Kezilesu, derived from Chinese pinyin[2] [3]) refers to the Kezi River and means "red water" in the Kyrgyz language.[4] Kiziloy, Kizilto, and the Kizil Caves are nearby places that also use the prefix kizil (red).
Kizilsu was within the territory of the First East Turkestan Republic, which lasted from November 1933 to April 1934. The establishment of the short-lived breakaway state was thanks in part to a political and military alliance between Uyghurs and Kyrgyz in western Xinjiang.
The Southern Xinjiang Administrative Office of the People's Republic of China established the Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Region on 14 July 1954. The autonomous region was reorganised as an autonomous prefecture in February 1955.[5] [6]
In 1955, the townships of Barin, Jamaterek, and Ujme were transferred from Yengisar County to Akto County, as was Bulungkol from Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County of Kashgar Prefecture.[7]
In April 1990, a protest in Barin against Chinese rule in Xinjiang escalated into an armed insurrection, in what came to be known as the Barin uprising or Barin riot.[8]
Kizilsu directly administers 1 county-level city and 3 counties.
(Note: This map does not reflect changes to the China–Tajikistan border.) | ||||||||||||
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Kyrgyz (Arabic script) | Kyrgyz (Cyrillic script) | Kyrgyz Latin transcription | Population | Area (km2) | Density (km2) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Artux | Chinese: 阿图什市 | Uighur; Uyghur: ئاتۇش شەھىرى | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: ارتىش شاارى | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: Артыш шаары | 290,936 | 15,698 | 18.53 | ||||
| 2 | Akto County | Chinese: 阿克陶县 | Uighur; Uyghur: ئاقتو ناھىيىسى | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: ﺍﻗﺘﻮﻭ وودانى | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: Актоо ооданы | 226,005 | 24,555 | 9.20 | ||||
| 3 | Akqi County | Chinese: 阿合奇县 | Uighur; Uyghur: ئاقچى ناھىيىسى | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: اقچىي وودانى | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: Акчий ооданы | 44,369 | 11,545 | 3.84 | ||||
| 4 | Wuqia County[9] | Chinese: 乌恰县 | Uighur; Uyghur: ئۇلۇغچات ناھىيىسى | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: ۇلۇۇچات وودانى | Kirghiz; Kyrgyz: Улуучат ооданы | 60,912 | 19,118 | 3.19 | ||||
According to the 2020 census, Kizilsu has 622,222 inhabitants with a population density of 6.36 inhabitants per km2. Most Kyrgyz in China (80 per cent) reside in Kizilsu.[10], 27 per cent of the inhabitants of the prefecture were Kyrgyz.[11]
| Nationality | 2000[12] | 2010[13] | 2018[14] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | % | Population | % | Population | % | ||
| Uyghur | 281,306 | 63.98% | 339,926 | 64.68% | 413,655 | 66.24% | |
| Kyrgyz | 124,533 | 28.32% | 143,582 | 27.32% | 163,863 | 26.24% | |
| Han | 28,197 | 6.41% | 35,629 | 6.78% | 39,292 | 6.29% | |
| Tajiks | 4,662 | 1.06% | 5,547 | 1.06% | 6,097 | 0.98% | |
| Hui | 432 | 0.10% | 447 | 0.08% | 586 | 0.09% | |
| Uzbek | 44 | 0.01% | 196 | 0.03% | |||
| Kazakhs | 88 | 0.02% | 180 | 0.03% | |||
| Manchu | 33 | 0.01% | 86 | 0.01% | |||
| Mongol | 40 | 0.01% | 66 | 0.01% | |||
| Tatars | 35 | 0.01% | |||||
| Sibe | 33 | 0.01% | |||||
| Russians | 5 | <0.01% | |||||
| Daur | 2 | <0.01% | |||||
| Tibetan | 51 | 0.01% | |||||
| Tujia | 49 | 0.01% | |||||
| Others | 558 | 0.13% | 134 | 0.03% | 400 | 0.06% | |
| Total | 439,688 | 100% | 525,570 | 100% | 624,496 | 100% | |