| Kishanganj district | |
| Total Type: | Total |
| Coordinates: | 26.25°N 146°W |
| Coor Pinpoint: | Kishanganj |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  India |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Bihar |
| Subdivision Type2: | Division |
| Subdivision Name2: | Purnia |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Seat Type: | Headquarters |
| Seat: | Kishanganj |
| Parts Type: | Tehsils |
| Parts Style: | para |
| Area Total Km2: | 1884 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Total: | 1,690,400 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Demographics |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Literacy |
| Demographics1 Info1: | 57.04 per cent |
| Demographics1 Title2: | Sex ratio |
| Demographics1 Info2: | 946 |
| Leader Title1: | Lok Sabha constituencies |
| Leader Name1: | Kishanganj |
| Leader Title2: | Vidhan Sabha constituencies |
| Leader Name2: | Bahdurganj, Thakurganj, Kishanganj, Kochadhaman |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +05:30 |
| Registration Plate: | BR-37 |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Major highways |
Kishanganj district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Kishanganj town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Kishanganj district is a part of Purnia division (Seemanchal).
Kishanganj district, which was previously part of Purnia district, is part of the Mithila region.[1] Mithila first gained prominence after being settled by Indo-Aryan peoples who established the Mithila Kingdom (also called Kingdom of the Videhas) which was ruled by the Videhas, an Indo-Aryan tribe.[2]
During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Kingdom of the Videhas became one of the major political and cultural centers of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Kingdom of the Videhas were called Janakas.[3] The Mithila Kingdom was later incorporated into the Vajjika League, which had its capital in the city of Vaishali, which is also in Mithila.[4]
Kishanganj was an old and important Sub-Division of Purnia district. After the long and hard struggle of around seventeen years by the people of Kishanganj including social workers, politicians, journalists, businessmen, farmers, etc., the Kishanganj district was carved out of Purnia district on 14 January 1990.[5]
Kishanganj district occupies an area of 1884km2,[6] Kishanganj district is surrounded by Araria district in the west, Purnia district in the south-west, Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal on the east, and Darjeeling district of West Bengal and Nepal on the north. A narrow strip of West Bengal, about 20 km wide separates it from Bangladesh.[7]
Kishanganj district is located between 25° 20’ and 26° 30’ north latitudes, and 87° 7’ and 88° 19’ east longitudes.[8]
Major rivers flowing through the district are Mahananda, Kankai, Mechi, Donk, Ratua.[8]
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In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Kishanganj one of the country's 250 most backward districts out of a total of 640. It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[9]
Kishanganj is the only tea producing district in Bihar.[10]
The district comprises only one sub-division, Kishanganj, which is further divided into seven blocks:
On 30 January 2014, the foundation stone was laid down of the Kishanganj campus of Aligarh Muslim University by Sonia Gandhi.[11] The study centre started out by offering two courses.[12]
According to the 2011 census Kishanganj district has a population of 1,690,400,[13] roughly equal to the nation of Guinea-Bissau[14] or the US state of Idaho.[15] This gives it a ranking of 293rd in India (out of a total of 640).[13] The district has a population density of 898PD/sqkm .[13] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 30.44%.[13] Kishanganj has a sex ratio of 946 females for every 1,000 males,[13] and a literacy rate of 57.04%. 9.53% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 6.69% and 3.80% of the population respectively.[13]
A vast majority of the people live in villages. Kishanganj is the only Muslim-majority district of Bihar, with Muslims forming about 68% of the population.[13] There are also Hindus of whom most are Surajpuris (Rajbanshi). There also are small pockets of Santals.[16] [17] Most of the inhabitants of Kishanganj speak Surajpuri.[18]
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 42.61% of the population in the district spoke Surjapuri, 32.62% Urdu, 9.05 Hindi, 6.66% Bengali, 3.45% Santali, 2.63% Maithili and 1.23% Bhojpuri as their first language.[19]
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| Gender Ratio | 926 | 950 | 946 | 936 | 948 |
| Sl. no. | Name of the Blocks | No. of Gram Panchayats | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kishanganj | 10 | |
| 2 | Bahadurganj | 20 | |
| 3 | Thakurganj | 22 | |
| 4 | Kochadhaman | 24 | |
| 5 | Dighalbank | 16 | |
| 6 | Pothia | 22 | |
| 7 | Terhagachh | 12 | |
| Total number of Gram Panchayats[21] | 126 | ||
See also - Literacy In Bihar