Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd explained

Conventional Long Name:Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
Native Name:
Common Name:Hejaz-Nejd
Status:Union
Status Text:Dual monarchy of the Hejaz and Nejd
P2:Sultanate of Nejd
Flag P2:Flag of the Sultanate of Nejd.svg
P1:Kingdom of Hejaz
Flag P1:Flag of Hejaz (1920).svg
P3:Idrisid Emirate of Asir
Flag P3:Flag of the Idrisid Emirate of Asir (1909-1927).svg
S1:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Flag S1:Saudi Arabia Flag Variant (1932).svg
Flag Type:Flag of Nejd and Hejaz
Flag:Flag of Saudi Arabia#History
Image Map Caption:Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
Common Languages:Arabic
Religion:Islam (Wahhabism)
Government Type:Islamic absolute dual monarchy
Title Leader:King
Leader1:Abdulaziz al Saud
Year Leader1:1926–1932
Title Representative:Viceroy
Year Representative1:1926–1932
Year Representative2:1926–1932
Year Representative3:1926–1932
Year Representative4:1926–1932
Legislature:Consultative Assembly
Era:Interwar period
Date Pre:19 December 1925
Event Pre:Hejaz conquered by Nejd
Year Start:1926
Date Start:8 January
Event Start:Abdulaziz crowned King of Hejaz
Event1:Nejd decreed a kingdom
Date Event1:29 January 1927
Year End:1932
Date End:23 September

The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (Arabic: مملكة الحجاز ونجد, ), initially the Kingdom of Hejaz and Sultanate of Nejd (Arabic: Arabic: مملكة الحجاز وسلطنة نجد, ), was a dual monarchy ruled by Abdulaziz following the victory of the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd over the Hashemite Kingdom of the Hejaz in 1925. It was the fourth iteration of the Saudi State.

In 1932, the two kingdoms were unified as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

History

On 8 January 1926, Abdulaziz, the Sultan of Nejd, was crowned King of the Hejaz in the Masjid al-Haram in Makkah, and he elevated Nejd to the status of a kingdom on 29 January 1927.[1] At the Treaty of Jeddah on 20 May 1927, Abdulaziz's realm was recognised by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and was addressed as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd.

For the next five years, Abdulaziz administered the two parts of his dual kingdom as separate units. On 23 September 1932, Abdulaziz proclaimed the union of the main Saudi dominions of al-Hasa, Qatif, Nejd and the Hejaz as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Foreign policy

The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd could pursue its expansionist policy with British arms supplies because of its close relations with the United Kingdom. Under King Abdulaziz, the Hejaz withdrew from the League of Nations.

In 1926, the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd was recognised by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, followed by the United States of America in 1931. By 1932, the United Kingdom, the French Third Republic, the USSR, Turkey, the Imperial State of Iran, Kingdom of Italy and The Netherlands maintained legations in Jeddah; the Kingdom of Egypt maintained unofficial consular representatives.

Rulers of Hejaz and Nejd

Viceroy of Nejd (1926–1932)

Sources

External links

24.65°N 46.71°W

Notes and References

  1. Joseph Kostiner. (1993). The Making of Saudi Arabia, 1916–1936: From Chieftaincy to Monarchical State. Oxford University Press US,, p. 104.