King Baudouin Ice Shelf Explained

The King Baudouin Ice Shelf (also called Roi Baudouin Ice shelf, from French: Plateforme de glace Roi Baudouin^[1]) in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, is within the Norwegian part of Antarctica. It is named after King Baudouin of Belgium (1930-1993).

Geology

The King Baudouin ice shelf is confined by two ice rises (including Derwael Ice Rise) and one under-ice pinning-point with a width of only a few kilometres; the latter seems to define the seaward edge of the ice shelf and impacts ice flow in the hinterland.^{[2] [3]}

Roi Baudoin Base

Belgium was one of the original 12 signatories of the Antarctic Treaty. It established its Roi Baudoin Base scientific research station on the ice shelf in 1958, built for the International Geophysical Year (IGY), and decommissioned in 1967.^[4] This operated over several three year cycles: 1958–1961 and 1964–1966.

Study

The ice shelf is being actively studied by Belgian Antarctic Program scientists from the Princess Elisabeth Base. This includes:

• BELARE (Belgian Antarctic Research Project), with a GPS position reference tweeting position and rate of movement, and ice depth measurements;^[5]
• Be:Wise, examining the ice dynamics where the shelf is grounded, and which buttress the ice flow from the East Antarctic ice sheet.

Supposed meteor crater

In early 2015, scientists announced the discovery of an almost circular structure in the ice surface, about 2km (01miles) wide. First hypothesis for its origin, among other ice-shelf processes,^[6] was the impact of a meteor.^[7] The feature was discovered by German scientist Christian Müller as he conducted an aerial survey on 20 December 2014.^[8] If found, this is likely to be the largest identified Antarctic meteorite, as the rule of thumb is that the meteorite causing a crater is about 5-10%^[9] of the diameter of the crater, or roughly 200m in this case. Initial analysis of satellite images indicates that the feature could have been present before the supposed impact,^[10] even for 25 years. In December 2016, researchers concluded that the structure is a collapsed underground lake.^[11]

References

-70.4333°N 43°W

Notes and References

1. http://www.ulb.ac.be/newsletters/recherche.php?d=9&c=1&nl=8&cat=1&art=110 Horizon Recherche newsletter December 2013
2. Berger . Sophie . Favier . Lionel . Drews . Reinhard . Derwael . Jean-Jacques . Pattyn . Frank . Frank Pattyn . 2016-02-01 . The control of an uncharted pinning point on the flow of an Antarctic ice shelf . Journal of Glaciology . 62 . 231 . 37–45 . 10.1017/jog.2016.7 . 0022-1430 . free. 10067/1342310151162165141 . free .
3. http://www.antarcticstation.org/science_projects/detail/bewise_the_buttressing_effect_why_ice_shelves_are_essential/ Be:Wise -The Buttressing Effect: Why ice shelves are essential
4. http://www.sciencepoles.org/article/grand-designs-new-antarctic-stations-for-the-ipy Grand designs: new Antarctic research stations for the IPY
5. https://gizmodo.com/researchers-use-gps-to-track-antarcticas-ice-migration-1676042930 Researchers Use GPS to Track Antarctica's Ice Migration in Real Time
6. Web site: Seidler. Christoph. Antarktis: Forscher vermuten großen Meteoriten unterm Eis. SPIEGEL ONLINE.
7. http://www.slate.com/articles/video/video/2015/01/_antarctic_meteorite_impact_hole_in_king_baudouin_ice_shelf_from_space_rock.html?wpsrc=slatest_newsletter&sid=5388f21cdd52b8ed11001434 A Curious Antarctic Ring - Could a newly spotted mile-wide impression be a meteorite impact?
8. http://www.theweathernetwork.com/news/articles/mysterious-ring-in-antarctica-may-have-been-caused-by-a-meteorite/43493/ Mysterious ring in Antarctica may have been caused by a meteorite
9. http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/two-km-wide-crater-antarctica-linked-2004-meteorite-impact-1482869 Two km wide crater in Antarctica linked to 2004 meteorite impact
10. Web site: Seidler. Christoph. Antarktis: Forscher vermuten großen Meteoriten unterm Eisd. SPIEGEL ONLINE.
11. Web site: Koudste deel Antarctica blijkt warmer dan gedacht. VRT.