Kilgore College Rangerettes Explained

Type:Precision Dance Team
Leader Title:Founder
Leader Name:Gussie Nell Davis
Leader Title2:Director
Leader Name2:Dana Blair[1]
Leader Name3:Shelley Wayne
Leader Title3:Assistant Director
Parent Organization:Kilgore College
Kilgore College Rangerettes
Location:Kilgore, Texas, United States
Membership:64-72
Num Staff:3
Num Volunteers:Many
Website:http://www.rangerette.com

The Kilgore College Rangerettes, also known simply as the Rangerettes, are an American precision dance team from Kilgore College in Kilgore, Texas, created by Gussie Nell Davis in 1939.[2] The Rangerettes have performed in 74 Cotton Bowl game halftimes in a row (Jan 1951-Dec 2023),[2] [3] and make regular appearances at NFL pre-game and half-time shows for the Dallas Cowboys and Houston Texans. The Rangerettes perform at Kilgore College football games, and in many other athletic and special events, including the Cotton Bowl game, the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade,[4] [5] and five presidential inaugurations. They have taken several world tours since the 1970s, including South America, the Far East, Romania, France, Canada, Japan, Italy,[6] [7] Switzerland,[8] England,[9] Scotland, and Ireland.[10]

History

The Kilgore College Rangerettes were founded by Gussie Nell Davis, a physical education instructor from Farmersville, Texas who had previously taken an all-girl's group called the "Flaming Flashes" from being a simple high school pep-squad to an elaborately performing drum and bugle corps in Greenville, Texas. In 1939, Davis was hired away from Greenville High School by the Kilgore College Dean, Dr. B.E. Masters. Masters wanted something different than the traditional women's drum and bugle corps. He wanted something that would increase female enrollment at the college but would also keep fans in their seats during football half time shows instead of drinking alcohol under the stands.[11] Opting early to forgo the use of musical instruments, Davis focused her new team on dance and choreography, later naming the group the Rangerettes. The Rangerettes became a success early on despite criticisms of their uniforms featuring skirts above the knee, which by the 1960s had become much shorter. Davis served as the group's director for thirty-nine years, until June 1979.[12]

There is disagreement within the Rangerette alumni group and others in the dance team industry regarding the date of the first Rangerette performance. Several sources have it as September 12, 1940,[12] [13] but in an oral interview with Texas State University history professor Dan K. Utley, Davis confirmed the first performance date as September 19, 1940,[14] as does the book, A History of Kilgore College, 1935-1981.[15]

Directors

Performances and appearances

A partial list of major performances over the past 20 years

Revels

Revels is an annual variety show with a central theme performed at Dodson Auditorium on the Kilgore College campus. Revels features performances by Rangerettes with several dances choreographed by nationally known choreographers such as J.T. Horenstein [29] [30] and Tracie Stanfield.[31] [32] There are five showings within the week of the program, and it is the last major performance of the year for the group. The revenue generated by the shows make it one of Kilgore College's highest grossing events. The last segment of the show is always an extended production kick routine, featuring all of the Rangerettes in the traditional uniform. Approximately 6,000 people see the show each year, with many people traveling from out of town to attend and provide a boost to Kilgore's economy.[33] [34] [35] [36] [37]

Alumni

Rangerettes Forever is an alumni organization that participates in various support programs for the team.

In July 2005, the Zwick Foundation provided Kilgore College with a $3.5 million grant for design and construction of a new dormitory exclusively for use by the Rangerettes.[38] The residence was completed in August 2006[39] for the 2006–2007 school year, and was formally dedicated in a ceremony a few months later.[40] Kathryn Heller Zwick is a Rangerette from Longview, Texas, who attended Kilgore College and performed with the team from 1976 to 1978. Zwick's daughter, Lauren Gibler, was also a Rangerette from 2007 to 2009.[41]

During the week of Revels 2019 (April 10–13), a donation of $1,000,000 was made to the Mike Miller Rangerette Fund to complete a permanent operating endowment for the Rangerettes. The anonymous donor was a Kilgore College graduate whose wife is a former Rangerette.[42]

On Saturday, October 19, 2019, a former Kilgore College Rangerette and her husband donated a $3.5 million estate gift to fund scholarships for the Rangerette organization. The trust is set up to provide scholarships for Rangerettes and Rangerette Managers who meet the endowment's academic criteria.[43]

Controversy and criticism

Until the 1970s there were no African American members of the team.[44] According to the Texas State Historical Association, Davis said she would "be receptive when a qualified black tried out." The Rangerettes selected their first black team member, Freddie Goosby Evans, in 1973,[45] and their first black officer, Briana McLaughlin, in 2012.[46]

Some critics have "expressed dismay at the emphasis on physical attractiveness and rigorous and authoritarian training." Davis countered, "that there was nothing wrong in learning self-confidence, discipline, cooperation, and the ability to perform precision dance, along with poise, etiquette, and personal grooming".

Rangerette kidnapping

In the late afternoon of December 29, 2016, there was an armed home invasion and kidnapping at Rangerette Director Dana Blair's home. The assailant kidnapped Blair's daughter, who at the time was a freshman Rangerette. Blair's daughter escaped her captor a little over an hour later. The assailant, Nancy Alice Motes, was arrested on a charge of aggravated kidnapping and released on $500,000 bond on December 30, 2016.[47]

On June 22, 2017, Motes was indicted by a Gregg County Grand Jury, and faced first degree felonies in three charges encompassed in two counts for aggravated kidnapping. The first count included two charges: aggravated kidnapping with intent to terrorize and aggravated kidnapping with a deadly weapon. The second count had one count of aggravated kidnapping by deadly force.[48]

On December 21, 2018, Blair's attorney filed a civil lawsuit against Motes seeking monetary relief of between $200,000 and $1 million.[49]

On January 22, 2019, a start date of April 15, 2019, was set for the criminal trial against Motes.[50]

On April 29, 2019, Motes pleaded guilty to two counts of aggravated kidnapping, one with a deadly weapon and one with deadly force. She was sentenced to two concurrent 5-year terms and had to serve at least half of her 5-year sentence before she was eligible for parole.[51]

On July 1, 2021, Judge Alfonso Charles ordered Motes to pay Blair and her daughter $400,000 in compensatory damages and $175,000 in punitive damages.[52]

Motes was granted parole in November 2021 after serving two and a half years of her five year sentence.[53]

Popular culture

The Rangerettes have been featured in articles in several media publications, including: Life Magazine,[54] [55] Sports Illustrated,[56] [57] Newsweek,[58] Esquire,[59] Texas Monthly,[60] [61] [62] [63] [12] The Saturday Evening Post,[64] Popular Mechanics,[65] Texas Highways,[66] and the Texas State Travel Guide.[67]

The Angelette Song from The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas features a drill team performance that parodies the Rangerettes[68]

In the King of the Hill episode "The Company Man" (Season 2, Episode 9), Hank asks Peggy to wear a Kilgore Rangerette type outfit when they go out to dinner with Mr. Holloway, a man heavily influenced by Texan stereotypes.[69]

In the February 14, 2020, comic strip Over the Hedge, the Rangerettes were mentioned as sending a Valentine's Day card to one of the characters.[70]

In anticipation of the organization's 75th anniversary, filmmaker Chip Hale followed the Rangerettes for a year, creating the documentary Sweethearts of the Gridiron.[71] In addition to Sweethearts of the Gridiron, the Rangerettes have appeared in four additional feature films: Seven Wonders of the World (1956), Beauty Knows No Pain (1971), Semi-Tough (1977), and Johnny Be Good (1988).

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Betts . Minnie . July 19, 2019 . Kilgore College Rangerettes announce 80th line . KETK . September 13, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191121174610/https://www.easttexasmatters.com/news/local-news/kilgore-college-rangerettes-announce-80th-line/ . November 21, 2019 . live.
  2. Book: O. Rufus Lovett . Elliott Erwitt . Katy Vine . Kilgore Rangerettes . . 2008 . 192 . 978-0-292-71673-5.
  3. Web site: Rangerettes Bring Red, White, Blue And Shades Of Gray To Cotton Bowl . Ashley . Scoby . December 21, 2015 . ESPN.com . April 11, 2020 . April 11, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200411060244/https://www.espn.com/espnw/athletes-life/story/_/id/14412678/rangerettes-bring-red-white-blue-shades-gray-cotton-bowl . live .
  4. Web site: Bass . Gary . Kilgore College Rangerettes performing in Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade . November 22, 2018 . . March 5, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043933/http://www.ktre.com/2018/11/22/kilgore-rangerettes-performing-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade/ . March 6, 2019 . live.
  5. Book: Mary Ellen Hanson . Go! fight! win!: cheerleading in American culture . . 1995 . 978-0-87972-680-5.
  6. News: Strough . Lucas . April 27, 2019 . Freshmen 'Rettes bound for Italy . Kilgore News Herald . July 2, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191121204931/https://www.kilgorenewsherald.com/news/freshmen-rettes-bound-for-italy/article_b5761b5a-80c0-11e9-820e-cf4636c7b7bd.html . November 21, 2019 . live.
  7. Web site: Rangerettes arrive at Breda! . . June 11, 2019 . Fidaf.org . Italian Bowl . July 2, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200516220305/https://italianbowl.fidaf.org/2019/06/11/al-breda-arrivano-le-rangerettes/ . May 16, 2020 . live.
  8. Web site: 2018 Basel Tattoo: The Cast of 2018. Basel Tattoo Productions. 2018. March 5, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111419/https://www.baseltattoo.ch/index.php/English. March 6, 2019. live.
  9. Web site: The 2019 Birmingham International Tattoo . October 8, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191008021708/http://bhamtattoo.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/2019-Tattoo-web-leaflet.pdf . October 8, 2019 . live.
  10. Web site: Kilgore Rangerettes . Acosta . Teresa Palomo . June 15, 2010 . Handbook of Texas Online . Texas State Historical Association . September 12, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191103160948/https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/llk01 . November 3, 2019 . live .
  11. Web site: The Rangerettes . March 25, 2013 . Evans . Andrew . www.nationalgeographic.com . National Geographic . November 25, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111501/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/digital-nomad/2013/03/25/the-rangerettes/ . March 6, 2019 . dead .
  12. Markovits . Rebecca . September 2004 . Texas History 101 . Texas Monthly . Emmis Publishing . September 13, 2019 . October 30, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201030193008/https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/texas-history-101-25/ . live .
  13. Book: Mary Kaye Coachman . Dance Team / Team spirit! . . 2006 . 54 . 978-1-4042-0731-8.
  14. Sweet Success: The Debut of the Kilgore College Rangerettes . Dan K. . Utley . Virginia . Long . 50 . East Texas Historical Journal . January 1, 1995 . 33 . 1 . September 13, 2020 . June 30, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210630211953/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/72737427.pdf . live .
  15. Book: A History of Kilgore College, 1935-1981 . Doris B. . Bolt . Bonnie M. . Durning . 90 . Kilgore College . 1981 . B000K0EUAQ.
  16. News: Goldman . Dave . June 29, 2016 . Kilgore College mourning loss of Rangerettes' second director, Deana Bolton Covin . KYTX . September 13, 2019 . June 30, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210630212028/https://www.cbs19.tv/article/news/kilgore-college-mourning-loss-of-rangerettes-second-director-deana-bolton-covin/270025141 . live .
  17. News: Kilgore College Rangerettes to perform with Mariah Carey at Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade . November 22, 2022 . Staff Reports . . November 22, 2022 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221122201938/https://www.kilgorenewsherald.com/lifestyles/kilgore-college-rangerettes-to-perform-with-mariah-carey-at-macy-s-thanksgiving-day-parade/article_07d17b14-8894-5f7d-87ab-d56e2aaf33e6.html . November 22, 2022.
  18. News: Home for the Holidays: Kilgore College Rangerettes plan Christmas shows . Lucas . Strough . December 1, 2021 . . December 3, 2021.
  19. News: Kilgore Rangerettes prepare for trip to New York City to perform in the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade . Madison . Herber . November 18, 2021 . . November 23, 2021.
  20. Web site: 2021 Cast . vafest.org . June 30, 2021 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210630133253/https://www.vafest.org/tattoo/2021-cast/ . June 30, 2021 .
  21. News: . Kilgore College Rangerettes to perform at inaugural ball . January 19, 2017 . . March 5, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200124141749/https://www.news-journal.com/news/local/kilgore-college-rangerettes-to-perform-at-inaugural-ball/article_594e603b-a573-5bb0-bfd3-ce875894ddf9.html . January 24, 2020 . live.
  22. News: East Texas groups to perform during event marking Pearl Harbor attack . KLTV Digital Media Staff . December 7, 2016 . . March 5, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043720/http://www.kltv.com/story/33996574/east-texas-groups-to-perform-during-event-marking-pearl-harbor-attack/ . March 6, 2019 . live.
  23. Web site: 90th Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade kicks off holiday season . November 22, 2016 . marching.com . March 5, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043403/http://www.marching.com/news/2016/2016-macys-parade-lineup/ . March 6, 2019 . live.
  24. News: . All smiles on St Patrick's Day. March 18, 2015. Irish Independent. PressReader. March 5, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044339/https://www.pressreader.com/ireland/irish-independent/20150318/284060550242594. March 6, 2019. live.
  25. Web site: Pai. Tanya. "Bigger is better" was the name of the game at the Texas State Society's inaugural celebration. January 20, 2013. Washingtonian. March 5, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111439/https://www.washingtonian.com/2013/01/20/2013-texas-black-tie-and-boots-ball/. March 6, 2019. live.
  26. News: Victoria's Kilgore Rangerette performs in Pearl Harbor ceremony . Allison . Miles . December 7, 2011 . . November 5, 2021.
  27. Web site: 2009 Black Tie & Boots Inaugural Ball. January 22, 2009. offthecuffdc.com. March 5, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20131027143506/http://offthecuffdc.com/black-tie-boots-inaugural-ball. October 27, 2013. live.
  28. News: Herstek . Amy . January 19, 2001 . Black Tie & Boots gala to be Bush's Texas-sized victory party . CNN . Washington D.C. . August 29, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190829160623/http://edition.cnn.com/2001/ALLPOLITICS/stories/01/19/blacktie.ball/index.html . August 29, 2019 . live.
  29. Web site: Faculty Biography: JT Horenstein . stepsnyc.com . April 18, 2020 . June 30, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210630211950/https://www.stepsnyc.com/faculty/bio/JT-Horenstein/ . live .
  30. Web site: Faculty Biography: JT Horenstein . broadwaydancecenter.com . August 8, 2016 . April 18, 2020 . February 3, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200203044305/http://broadwaydancecenter.com/faculty/jt-horenstein . live .
  31. Web site: Faculty Biography: Tracie Stanfield . broadwaydancecenter.com . August 8, 2016 . April 18, 2020 . May 4, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200504023428/http://broadwaydancecenter.com/faculty/tracie-stanfield . live .
  32. Web site: Faculty Biography: Tracie Stanfield . joffreyballetschool.com . April 18, 2020.
  33. News: Strough . Lucas . 2018-04-20 . Rangerettes kick Kilgore economy up a notch during Revels . Kilgore News Herald . Kilgore, Texas . 2019-04-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190416042143/http://www.kilgorenewsherald.com/stories/rangerettes-kick-kilgore-economy-up-a-notch-during-revels,124189 . April 16, 2019 . live .
  34. Web site: Kilgore College Rangerette Revels . . tourtexas.com . 2019-04-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190416042141/https://www.tourtexas.com/all-events/77651/Kilgore-College-Rangerette-Revels . April 16, 2019 . live .
  35. News: Mogle . Danny . 2018-04-04 . Rangerette Revels set for April 11–14 in Dodson Auditorium . Tyler Morning Telegraph . Tyler, Texas . 2019-04-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190416042142/https://tylerpaper.com/lifestyle/arts_and_entertainment/rangerette-revels-set-for-april---in-dodson-auditorium/article_063d5762-341c-11e8-a699-c30da8d466da.html . April 16, 2019 . live .
  36. News: . Rangerette Revels Tickets Going On Sale To Public March 26 . KLTV . Longview, Texas . 2008-03-24 . 2019-04-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190416042140/http://www.kltv.com/story/8061148/rangerette-revels-tickets-going-on-sale-to-public-march-26/ . April 16, 2019 . live .
  37. Evans . Andrews . 2013-03-25 . The Rangerettes . National Geographic . National Geographic Partners . 2019-04-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111501/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/digital-nomad/2013/03/25/the-rangerettes/ . March 6, 2019 . dead .
  38. Web site: Zwick Foundation Gives $3.5 Million to Kilgore College for New Dormitory . July 25, 2005 . November 15, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200123232531/https://philanthropynewsdigest.org/news/zwick-foundation-gives-3.5-million-to-kilgore-college-for-new-dormitory . January 23, 2020 . live.
  39. Web site: Kilgore College Rangerette Residence . rprconstruction.com . November 15, 2019 . November 15, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191115114358/http://rprconstruction.com/project/kilgore-college-rangerette-residence/ . live .
  40. Web site: Kilgore Dedicates Davis Rangerette Dorm . Hallmark . Bob . October 28, 2006 . kltv.com . November 15, 2019 . November 15, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191115112859/https://www.kltv.com/story/5603350/kilgore-dedicates-davis-rangerette-dorm/ . live .
  41. Web site: World-Famous Rangerettes to Perform at Tremblay Bowl . Loveton . Dave . October 2, 2008 . noozhawk.com . November 15, 2019 . November 15, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191115112905/https://www.noozhawk.com/noozhawk/print/100208_football_world_famous_rangerettes_to_perform_at_tremblay_bowl . live .
  42. News: Anonymous donor gives $1 million to Kilgore Rangerettes . KLTV Digital Media Staff . May 14, 2019 . . June 5, 2019 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210630135334/https://www.kltv.com/2019/05/14/anonymous-donor-gives-million-kilgore-rangerettes/ . June 30, 2021.
  43. News: Transformational $3.5 million gift to endow Rangerettes scholarships . . Kilgore, Texas . October 19, 2019 . Longview News Journal . October 21, 2019 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210630134917/https://www.news-journal.com/news/local/transformational-million-gift-to-endow-rangerettes-scholarships/article_05944a00-f1df-11e9-b07c-db1073d3fa56.html . June 30, 2021.
  44. Web site: Gussie Nell Davis . Stanley . Jeanie R. . June 12, 2010 . tshaonline.org . en . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191103160942/https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fda83 . November 3, 2019 . November 3, 2019.
  45. Reflections on Being First Black on Dance Team . en . April 16, 2019 . 2013 . AOL Video . https://web.archive.org/web/20190416074945/https://www.aol.com/video/view/reflections-on-being-first-black-on-dance-team/55477cdee4b0f61941cae985/ . April 16, 2019 . live .
  46. "2012-2013 Rangerette Office Line: #14 " by Kilgore College is licensed under CC BY 2.0
  47. News: Hallmark . Bob . 2016-12-30 . Kilgore College student safe after escaping accused kidnapper . KLTV . Longview, TX . 2016-12-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170101003111/http://www.kltv.com/story/34156140/kilgore-college-student-safe-after-escaping-accused-kidnapper . January 1, 2017 . live .
  48. News: Katz . Chelsea . 2017-06-29 . Grand jury indicts woman in Rangerette kidnapping . . Kilgore, TX . June 29, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170706182028/http://www.kilgorenewsherald.com/stories/rangerette-kidnapping-indictment,113359 . July 6, 2017 . live .
  49. Web site: Victims in Kilgore Rangerette kidnapping file lawsuit seeking up to $1 million against suspect . January 3, 2019 . kltv.com . February 13, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190214061715/http://www.kltv.com/2019/01/03/victims-kilgore-rangerette-kidnapping-file-lawsuit-seeking-up-million-against-suspect/ . February 14, 2019 . live .
  50. News: Strough . Lucas . 2019-01-22 . Rangerette kidnapping suspect gets April trial date . Kilgore News Herald . Kilgore, Texas . 2019-04-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190416060123/https://www.kilgorenewsherald.com/stories/rangerette-kidnapping-suspect-gets-april-trial-date,132051 . April 16, 2019 . live .
  51. News: . Woman pleads guilty to 2016 Rangerette kidnapping, sentenced to 5 years . Longview News Journal . Longview, Texas . 2019-04-29 . 2019-04-29 . June 30, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210630211932/https://www.news-journal.com/general/woman-pleads-guilty-to-rangerette-kidnapping-sentenced-to-years/article_64353e48-6a8f-11e9-ae88-f7bd30f07370.html . live.
  52. News: Judge awards victims in Rangerette kidnapping $575K . Stephanie . Frazier . July 2, 2021 . . April 14, 2022.
  53. The Positively True Adventures of the Kilgore Rangerette–Kidnapping Mom . Katy . Vine . February 1, 2022 . . April 14, 2022.
  54. The Rangerettes . . October 29, 1951 . 62 . . September 7, 2019.
  55. The Texas Trademark: Flair for the Flamboyant . Crane . Ralph . July 8, 1966 . 34 . . September 7, 2019.
  56. Trouping the Colors for Gussie Nell Davis . Shrake . Edwin . December 16, 1974 . . March 6, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180613085529/https://www.si.com/vault/1974/12/16/618152/trouping-the-colors-for-gussie-nell-davis . June 13, 2018 . live .
  57. Knute Would Have Agreed, Ara . Jenkins . Dan . December 22, 1969 . 31 . . September 7, 2019.
  58. Proffltt . Nicholas . Texas! The Super State . December 12, 1977 . Newsweek. XC. 24.
  59. Oklahoma, OK! . Camerer . Dave . October 1950 . 69 . . September 7, 2019.
  60. Web site: Alive and Kicking . Vine . Katy . September 2004 . Texas Monthly . March 6, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180613161123/https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/alive-and-kicking/ . June 13, 2018 . live .
  61. West . Richard . July 1976 . The Best of Texas . Texas Monthly . September 9, 2019.
  62. Ennis . Michael . January 1978 . The Texas Monthly Review . Texas Monthly . September 9, 2019.
  63. Toler . Terry . November 1983 . Texas Primer: The Drill Team . Texas Monthly . September 9, 2019.
  64. Football's Grind and Glitter . Schiller . Lawrence J. . October 5, 1963 . 32 . . September 7, 2019.
  65. Football is a Pageant . Cookman . Aubrey O. Jr. . September 1951 . 136 . . September 7, 2019.
  66. Lumpkin . John . August 2019 . My Hometown: A True-Blue Rangerette Explains Why There's More to Kilgore Than Oil and the Drill Team . Texas Highways . September 9, 2019.
  67. Web site: Texas State Travel Guide . txdot.gov . January 3, 2024 . en . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240103145314/https://www.txdot.gov/content/dam/docs/tourism/travel-guide-2024.pdf . January 3, 2024.
  68. Book: King, Larry . 1982 . The Whorehouse Papers . Viking . 978-0-670-15919-2.
  69. The Company Man. King of the Hill (season 2). King of the Hill. King of the Hill. Fox. 2. 9. December 7, 1997. 13.
  70. Web site: Over the Hedge by T Lewis and Michael Fry . February 14, 2020 . gocomics.com . February 15, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200227201121/https://www.gocomics.com/overthehedge/2020/02/14 . February 27, 2020 . live.
  71. Web site: Sweethearts of the Gridiron. October 8, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141012222618/http://sweetheartsofthegridiron.com/. October 12, 2014. live.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Kilgore College Rangerettes".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.