| Jian'ou | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Name: | Kienow | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement Type: | County-level city | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Nickname: | 芝城, Root Craft City of China | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Pushpin Map: | China Fujian | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Fujian | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordinates: | 27.0333°N 137°W | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Type: | Country | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Type1: | Province | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Type2: | Prefecture-level city | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Name1: | Fujian | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Subdivision Name2: | Nanping | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Leader Title: | CPC City Committee Secretary | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Leader Name: | Qiu Yi | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit Pref: | Metric | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Population Total: | 452,174 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Population Density Km2: | auto | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Timezone1: | China Standard | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Utc Offset1: | +8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Website: | www.jianou.gov.cn | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank Name: | Local dialect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Blank Info: | Northern Min | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Jian'ou is a county-level city in Nanping in northern Fujian province, China. Under the name Jianning (Kienning), it was formerly the seat of its own prefecture and was the namesake of its province.
Jian'ou is within a major bamboo and rice-growing area on Jianxi Brook, about south from Jianyang.
The Jian'ou dialect, a dialect of Northern Min, is spoken in Jian'ou.
The city was established in 196 under the name Jian'an – the era name of the reigning Emperor Xian of Han. Along with Fuzhou, they were the earliest-established Chinese territories in the area and thus their province bears their conjoined names: Fu & Jian. The city was once the capital of the Fujian region and also served as the capital of the empire of Yin in AD 943.[1] In the Song dynasty, Jian'an became the seat of Jianning Prefecture (Jianning-fu).
Jian'ou was visited by Marco Polo in 1291 on his way from Hangzhou to Quanzhou. In his Travels, dictated seven years later to a scribe writing in Old French, the name Jianning-fu is romanised as Quenlinfu.[2] [3] The city is, he says,
"of considerable size, and contains three very handsome bridges, upwards of a hundred paces in length and eight paces in width. The men of the place are very handsome, and live in a state of luxurious ease. There is much raw silk produced here and it is manufactured into silk pieces of various sorts. Cottons are also woven of coloured threads, which are carried for sale to every part of the province of Mangi. The people employ themselves extensively, and export quantities of ginger and galangal. I have been told, but did not myself see the animal, that there are found at this place a species of domestic fowls which have no feathers, their skins being clothed with black hair, resembling the fur of cats. Such a sight must be extraordinary. They lay eggs like other fowls, and they are good to eat. The multitude of tigers renders traveling through the country dangerous, unless a number of persons go in company."[4]Under the Yuan Dynasty, the name was changed from Jianning-Fu to Jianning-Lu. This was a result of an administrative restructuring: formerly, Jian'ou was the capital of the local fu, or prefecture. Jian'ou was made the capital of the local lu, a collection of prefectures still smaller than a province, and was renamed Jianning-Lu accordingly.[5]