| Al-Khatuniyya | |
| Native Name: | المدرسة الخاتونية |
| Native Name Lang: | ar |
| Religious Affiliation: | Islam |
| Grid Name: | Palestine grid |
| Grid Position: | 172/131 |
| Coordinates: | 31.7781°N 35.2342°W |
| Location: | Haram esh-Sharif, Jerusalem |
| Architecture Type: | Madrasa |
| Architecture Style: | Mamluk architecture Islamic |
| Year Completed: | 1354–1380 |
| Materials: | stone |
Al-Khatuniyya Madrasa (Jerusalem) should not be confused with al-Khataniyya Library.
The Khātūniyya Madrasa (Arabic: المدرسة الخاتونيـة) is a mausoleum in Jerusalem and was a school. It is by the western esplanade of the al-Aqsa Compound (the Ḥaram esh-Sharīf). It was built between 1354 and 1380.[1]
It is one of the three Jerusalem madrasas endowed by a woman, the others being the ʿUthmāniyya Madrasa and the obscure Barudiyya.[1]
It was first endowed in 1349 by Oghul Khatun (Arabic: أغل خاتون), a woman from Baghdad and a daughter of Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Sayf al-Din.[2] She was called al-Qazaniyya, possibly meaning she was married to Qazan Shah, an emir.[1] The lady, a daughter of Qazan Shah, completed the construction by giving another endowment to the project in 1380.[1]
Part of the endowment consisted of agricultural land known as "the Camel’s Back", also known as "the Camel’s Belly".[2] In a court record in 1491-92, the waqf of Oghul Khatun is mentioned, and it is noted that the Camel’s Belly is near Deir Jarir,[3] and that its yearly revenue was 3,800 aspers.[4]
In the late Mamluk era, it served as the retirement residence of several former emirs who had been dismissed and sent into exile to Jerusalem.[5]
In the early Ottoman era, the building's administration was in the Ibn Jama‘a family.[5]
It is now in disrepair and intensive restorations would be needed.[6]
It consists of two levels. The higher level is beside the Ḥaram compound and includes two iwans, a tomb chamber, and an assembly hall. The lower level is below the level of the Ḥaram and includes habitation cells around a courtyard.[7] The courtyard has a wellhead, giving access to a cistern below.[6]
In addition to the tomb of Oghul Khatun, it includes the tombs of several prominent people:[8]
To its east, it joins the Ḥaram compound's west wall's riwāq (arcade), which includes the Cotton Merchants' Gate to the south.
It is immediately north of the Cotton Merchants' Market.Farther south is ʿUthmāniyya Madrasa.
To its north are the Muzhiriyya & Arghūniyya Madrasas.Its current entrance is a small passageway between those two madrasas, leading north to Iron Gate Road.[6]
. MIFAO 45.2 Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Part 2 Syrie du Sud T.3 Fasc. 2 Jérusalem Index général . Max van Berchem . 1920. Impr. de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale. Cairo.
. Histoire de Jérusalem et d'Hébron depuis Abraham jusqu'à la fin du XVe siècle de J.-C. : fragments de la Chronique de Moudjir-ed-dyn. 1876. Moudjir ed-dyn. Mujir al-Din. Sauvaire.