| Khalkhin Gol | |
| Name Other: | Khalkh River, Khalkha River, Ha-la-ha River, Ha-lo-hsin Ho |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | Mongolia |
| Subdivision Type2: | Mongolian Aimag |
| Subdivision Name2: | Dornod |
| Subdivision Type3: | Region |
| Subdivision Name3: | Mongolia |
| Subdivision Type4: | District |
| Subdivision Name4: | Dornod |
| Length: | 233km (145miles) |
| Discharge1 Avg: | 25m3/s |
| Source1: | |
| Source1 Location: | People's Republic of China |
| Source1 Coordinates: | 47.0808°N 120.4878°W |
| Source1 Elevation: | 1443m (4,734feet) |
| Mouth: | Buir Lake |
| Mouth Location: | Mongolia |
| Mouth Coordinates: | 47.8956°N 117.8356°W |
| Mouth Elevation: | 583.1m (1,913.1feet) |
| Basin Size: | 17000km2 |
The Khalkh River (also spelled as Khalkha River or Halaha River; Mongolian: Халх гол; Ha-la-ha; Ha-lo-hsin Ho) is a river in eastern Mongolia and northern China's Inner Mongolia region.[1] [2] The river is also referred to with the Mongolian genitive suffix -iin as the Khalkhin Gol, or River of Khalkh.[3]
The river's source is the western slopes of the Greater Khingan mountains of Inner Mongolia. In its lower course, it forms the boundary between China's Inner Mongolia, and the Mongolian Republic until around 48.0332°N 118.1343°W, the river splits into two distributaries. The left branch (the Halh River proper) flows into the Buir Lakeat 47.8956°N 117.8356°W; discharge from that lake at 47.95°N 117.8143°W)is known as the (Mongolian: Оршуун гол,). The right branch, known as the Shariljiin Gol (Mongolian: Шарилжийн гол) flows directly into the Orshuun Gol at 48.0699°N 117.7554°W. Orhuun connects the Buir Lake with the Hulun Lake.[4] The Chinese–Mongolian border then follows the Shariljiin Gol for about an equal distance.
From May to September 1939, the river was the site of the Battles of Khalkhin Gol, the decisive engagement of the Soviet-Japanese border conflicts. Soviet and Mongolian forces defeated the Japanese Kwantung Army.[5] [6] [7]