Keith Runcorn Explained

Keith Runcorn
Birth Name:Stanley Keith Runcorn
Birth Date:19 November 1922
Death Place:San Diego, California, United States
Field:Plate tectonics
Paleomagnetism
Work Institutions:University of Cambridge
University of Manchester
Newcastle University
University of Alaska, Fairbanks
Alma Mater:University of Cambridge (BA)
University of Manchester (PhD)
Doctoral Advisor:Patrick Blackett
Thesis Title:Investigations relating to the main geomagnetic field
Thesis Year:1949
Thesis Url:https://copac.jisc.ac.uk/id/36192852?style=html
Known For:reestablishing viability of the theory of continental drift; discoveries in planetary magnetism

(Stanley) Keith Runcorn [1] (19 November 1922 – 5 December 1995) was a British physicist whose paleomagnetic reconstruction of the relative motions of Europe and America revived the theory of continental drift and was a major contribution to plate tectonics.[1] [2] [3]

Education and early life

Runcorn was born in Southport, Lancashire, and educated at King George V Grammar School and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, whence he graduated in engineering within two years in 1942.[4] After a period in radar research during the World War II, he joined the Physics Department at the University of Manchester where he did research on aspects of the Earth's magnetic field, taking his PhD for research supervised by Patrick Blackett in 1949.[5] [6] [7]

Career and research

Runcorn's PhD led to his interest in palaeomagnetism, the study of the magnetism of rocks, which he pursued first at the Geophysics Department at the University of Cambridge and later at Newcastle University, where he was appointed to the chair of Physics in 1956. At Newcastle, Runcorn developed a strong research group in geophysics, and made substantial contributions to various fields, including convection in the Earth and Moon, the shape and magnetic fields of the Moon and planets, magnetohydrodynamics of the Earth's core, changes in the length of the day, polar wandering, continental drift and plate tectonics. After his retirement in 1988 he continued to be active in various lines of research until his untimely death in San Diego in 1995.

Awards and honours

Runcorn received many honours, including Fellowship of the Royal Society in 1965, the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) and the Fleming medal of the American Geophysical Union (AGU).[8] He was also a member of the Pontifical Academy of Science. In 1970 he was awarded the Vetlesen Prize, widely considered the highest honor in geology.[9] [10] In 1981, Runcorn became a founding member of the World Cultural Council.[11] He served as the Sydney Chapman Endowed Chair in Physical Sciences at the University of Alaska from 1989 to 1995. In 2007 the RAS named an award – for the year's best PhD thesis in geophysics – the Keith Runcorn Prize in his honour.[12]

Refereed journal publications

Popularizations

Edited books

Death

Runcorn was murdered in his hotel room in San Diego during a lecture trip to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Police found that he had been strangled and found evidence of injuries to the head.[13] Paul Cain, a professional kick-boxer, was later convicted and sentenced to a term of at least 25 years.[14] Prosecutors argued that Cain killed Runcorn after stealing his wallet and credit cards, having targeted him as an elderly gay man and therefore easy victim. Cain was tried three times in all. The first trial ended with a deadlocked jury; the second with a conviction that was overturned on appeal, on grounds that testimony from Cain's two previous wives as to his violent temper should not have been admitted in evidence.[15]

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Collinson . D. W. . 10.1098/rsbm.2002.0023 . Stanley Keith Runcorn. 19 November 1922–5 December 1995 . . 48 . 391–403. 2002 . 3650268. free .
  2. Hide . Raymond . Raymond Hide . Stanley Keith Runcorn F.R.S. (1922–1995) . . 37 . 3 . 463–465 . . 1996 . 1996QJRAS..37..463H.
  3. http://www.mcnabgroup.com/history%20mirror/runcorn.htm Biography - Newcastle
  4. Creer, K. M., "Runcorn, (Stanley) Keith (1922–1995)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edition, September 2004. Retrieved 19 July 2020
  5. 643616687. PhD. Stanley Keith. Runcorn. 1949. University of Manchester. . Investigations relating to the main geomagnetic field. manchester.ac.uk.
  6. T. E. . Powell . P. . Harper . Outline of the Career of Stanley Keith Runcorn . 2002 . Catalogue of the papers and correspondence of Stanley Keith Runcorn FRS (1922-1995), geophysicist. Volume 1 . https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/records-and-archives/public/Runcorn,-Professor-Stanley-Keith-FRS-catalogue-of-papers-Volume-1.pdf+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client=safari . College Archives . Imperial College . London . 5–7 .
  7. Encyclopedia: Charles Coulston . Gillispie. Runcorn, Stanley Keith . 24 . 298–302 . Complete dictionary of scientific biography. 2008. Charles Scribner's Sons. Detroit, Mich.. 978-0-684-31559-1.
  8. Web site: Keith Runcorn . Hide . Raymond . Awards & Medals . . 21 October 2011.
  9. Runcorn, Cox, Doell receive Vetlesen Prize . Physics Today . August 1971 . 24 . 8 . 75 . 10.1063/1.3022903.
  10. Web site: Stanley Keith Runcorn . The Vetlesen Prize . Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory . 6 December 2018.
  11. Web site: About Us . . 8 November 2016.
  12. Web site: Elliott. David. Keith Runcorn honoured. Royal Astronomical Society. 21 January 2015.
  13. News: Sullivan. Walter. Leading Expert in Geophysics Is Found Slain in Hotel Room. 13 December 2016. The New York Times. 7 December 1995.
  14. "Kick-boxer jailed for death of geophysicist," Nature, v.389, p.657 (16 October 1997)
  15. Ben Fox, "Man claims childhood abuse led him to murder renowned UAF scientist," Peninsula Clarion (28 February 2000)

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