| Karol Dobay | |
| Birth Date: | 1928 12, df=y |
| Birth Place: | Czechoslovakia |
| Death Place: | Czechoslovakia |
| Position: | Forward |
| Years1: | 1947–1951 |
| Years2: | 1952–1958 |
| Years3: | 1958–1959 |
| Clubs3: | Jednota Košice |
| Nationalyears1: | 1951–1953 |
| Nationalteam1: | Czechoslovakia |
| Nationalcaps1: | 3 |
| Nationalgoals1: | 0 |
Karol Dobay (2 December 1928 – 20 December 1982) was a former Slovak football striker who played for Dynamo ČSD Košice, Dukla Prague and Jednota Košice. He overall played 152 matches and scored 37 goals during his career at the Czechoslovak First League. He won three league titles for Dukla in 1953, 1956 and 1958.
Dobai made three appearances for the Czechoslovakia national football team and he debuted against Hungary on 14 October 1951.