| Karel Dyba | |
| Office1: | Ambassador of the Czech Republic to the OECD |
| Term Start1: | 2007 |
| Term End1: | 2012 |
| Successor1: | Pavel Rozsypal |
| Office2: | Minister of the Economy of the Czech Republic |
| Term Start2: | 31 October 1992 |
| Term End2: | 4 July 1996 |
| Predecessor2: | Ministry established |
| Prime Minister2: | Václav Klaus |
| Office3: | Minister of Economic Policy and Development (within the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic) |
| Term Start3: | 2 July 1992 |
| Term End3: | 31 October 1992 |
| Predecessor3: | Ministry established |
| Successor3: | Ministry disestablished |
| Prime Minister3: | Václav Klaus |
| Term Start4: | 29 June 1990 |
| Term End4: | 2 July 1992 |
| Prime Minister4: | Petr Pithart |
| Office5: | Member of the Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia |
| Term Start5: | 6 June 1992 |
| Term End5: | 31 December 1992 |
| Birth Date: | 1940 10, df=y |
| Birth Place: | Prostějov, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia |
| Profession: | Economist |
Karel Dyba (21 October 1940 – 22 July 2024) was a Czech economist, politician and diplomat. He served as a Czech Republic government minister during the 1990s under Prime Ministers Petr Pithart and Václav Klaus. He served the Czech Republic's first Minister of Economy from 1992 until 1996 with the First Cabinet of Václav Klaus and played a key role in the new nation's early economic development.[1] In 1994, he became the first Czech government minister to visit Taiwan.[1]
Dyba was a candidate for the Senate of the Czech Republic in the 1996 Czech parliamentary election for district No. 35 – Jablonec nad Nisou. He won the first round with more than 36 percent of the vote, but was defeated in the second round by of the Social Democracy party. Dyba left politics following his election loss in 1996 and worked in the private sector as an investment banking and strategic economics consultant.[1]
In 2007, he was appointed Ambassador to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), a position he held until 2012.[1]
Dyba died on 22 July 2024, at the age of 83.[1]