| Official Name: | Kaniava |
| Settlement Type: | Village |
| Pushpin Map: | Lithuania Varėna District Municipality |
| Pushpin Label Position: | left |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Varėna district municipality |
| Coordinates: | 54.0939°N 24.7061°W |
| Subdivision Name: |  Lithuania |
| Subdivision Type1: | County |
| Subdivision Name1: | Alytus County |
| Subdivision Type2: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Name2: | Varėna |
| Subdivision Type3: | Eldership |
| Subdivision Name3: | (Kaniava) |
| Population Total: | 23 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 Census |
| Timezone: | EET |
| Utc Offset: | +2 |
| Timezone Dst: | EEST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +3 |
Kaniava is a village in, Varėna district municipality, Alytus County, southeastern Lithuania. According to the 2001 census, the village had a population of 39 people. At the 2011 census, the population was 23.[1]
The name Kaniava is of unclear origin. It may come from the river of the same name (Kaniava River, Kaniavėlė River) which may be of Finno-Ugric descent (for example, from Estonian: kaan 'a leech') or may be same origin as Slavic words kanja, kania, каня 'a buzzard. Otherwise, the village name may be of prior origin and could come from personal names: Lithuanian: Kãniava, Kaniáuka, Kanáuka, Kãniovas, Belarusian: Конеў, Russian: Конев which ultimately descends from Slavic конь 'a horse'. It could be even a common name kaniava, конеў which could mean 'a stableman'.[2]