Kanekonia Explained

Kanekonia is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, velvetfishes belonging to the family Aploactinidae. The genus is found in the western Pacific and eastern Indian oceans.

Taxonomy

Kanekonia was originally described as a genus in 1915 by the Japanese ichthyologist Shigeho Tanaka when he was describing the new species Kanekonia florida from Japan, its type species by monotypy. The genus Kanekonia is classified within the family Aploactinidae in the suborder Scorpaenoidei within the order Scorpaeniformes,[1] although this family is also treated as a subfamily of the stonefish family Synanceiidae[2] [3] within the Scorpaenoidei, which in turn is treated as a superfamily within the order Perciformes.[4] The name of the genus, Kanekonia honours Ichiro Kaneko, who supplied Tanaka with fishes from a fish market in Nagasaki, Japan, including the holotype of K. florida.[5]

Species

There are currently four recognized species in this genus:

Characteristics

Kanekonia velvetfishes are characterised by having a short, deep body with an extremely large head and mouth, with a protruding lower jaw. The preoperculum has 5 blunt spines. The scales take the form of outwardly directed spines, similar to tiny papillae with those on the back and flanks being the largest. They have a continuous dorsal fin which has its origin above the rear part of the eye The spiny part of this fin is longer than the soft-rayed part.[7] The dorsal fin has 11 to 13 spines and 7 to 10 sof rays, while the anal fin has a 1 or 2 spines and between 7 and 9 soft rays. The fin spines do not have venom glands.[6] These are small fishes, the largest species is the deep velvetfish (K. queenslandica) which reaches a maximum total length of .

Distribution and habitat

Kanekonia velvetfishes are found in the eastern Indian and western Pacific Oceans. These fishes are demersal and are found mainly on sandy substrates.[8]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Fishes of the World . 5th . J. S. Nelson . T. C. Grande . M. V. H. Wilson . 2016 . 468–475 . Wiley . 978-1-118-34233-6 .
  2. Smith, W. Leo . Smith, Elizabeth . Richardson, Clara . Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber . February 2018 . Copeia . 106 . 1 . 94–119 . 10.1643/CG-17-669.
  3. News: Stonefish are already scary, and now scientists have found they have switchblades in their heads . Willingham, AJ . 13 April 2018 . CNN .
  4. Ricardo Betancur-R . Edward O. Wiley . Gloria Arratia . Arturo Acero . Nicolas Bailly . Masaki Miya . Guillaume Lecointre . Guillermo Ortí . 3 . Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes . BMC Evolutionary Biology . 17 . 162 . 2017 . 162 . 10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3 . 28683774 . 5501477 . free .
  5. Web site: Order Perciformes (Part 10): Suborder Scorpaenoidei: Families Apistidae, Tetrarogidae, Synanceiidae, Aploacrinidae, Perryenidae, Eschmeyeridae, Pataecidae, Gnathanacanthidae, Congiopodidae and Zanclorhynchidae . The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database . Christopher Scharpf . Kenneth J. Lazara . amp . 10 March 2022 . 27 April 2022 . Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara.
  6. Johnson, J.W. . 2013 . Kanekonia leichhardti, a new species of velvetfish (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Aploactinidae) from the Gulf of Carpentaria, Queensland, Australia. . Memoirs of the Queensland Museum – Nature . 58 . 397–410.
  7. Web site: Dianne J. Bray . Kanekonia . Fishes of Australia . 27 April 2022 . Museums Victoria.
  8. Web site: Dianne J. Bray . 2018 . Kanekonia queenslandica . Fishes of Australia . 27 April 2022 . Museums Victoria.

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