| Kamviri | |
| Nativename: | کامويري Kâmviri |
| States: | Afghanistan, Pakistan |
| Region: | Bashgal Valley, and Southern Chitral District, Langorbat, Badrugal and the Urtsun Valley |
| Speakers: | 20,000 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| Ref: | e18 |
| Familycolor: | Indo-European |
| Fam2: | Indo-Iranian |
| Fam3: | Nuristani |
| Fam4: | Northern |
| Fam5: | Kamkata-vari |
| Iso3: | xvi |
| Glotto: | kamv1242 |
| Glottorefname: | Kamviri |
| Lingua: | 58-ACB-ad |
| Notice: | Indic |
Kamviri (کامويري Kâmviri) is a dialect of the Kamkata-vari language spoken by 5,000 to 10,000 of the Kom people of Afghanistan and Pakistan. There are slight dialectal differences of the Kamviri speakers of Pakistan. The most used alternative names are Kati, Kamozi, Shekhani or Bashgali.
The name derives from Kom pronounced as /ˈkom/, the ethnonym of the Kom people (pronounced in Kata-vari as Kum pronounced as /ˈkum/), with the suffix viri pronounced as /viˈɾi/ "language, speech". Cognates of the ethnonym in other Nuristani languages include Prasuni Kâ̄ma pronounced as /kaːˈmɘ/ (borrowed from Kamkata-vari) and Waigali Kam pronounced as /ˈkɘm/.
The inventory as described by Richard Strand.[1] In addition, there is stress.
The neutral articulatory posture, as in the reduced vowel pronounced as //a//, consists of the tip of the tongue behind the lower teeth and a raised tongue root is linked with a raised larynx, producing a characteristic pitch for unstressed vowels of about an octave above the pitch of a relaxed larynx.
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Retroflex | Post- Alveolar | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| voiced | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
| Affricate | voiceless | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
| voiced | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | (pronounced as /link/) | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | (pronounced as /link/) |
| voiced | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Nasal | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
| Tap | pronounced as /link/ | (pronounced as /link/) | ||||
| Approximant | lateral | pronounced as /link/ | ||||
| central | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||||
One suffix pronounced as //ti// voices to pronounced as /[di]/ for most speakers.
pronounced as /[ʈɭ, ɖɭ]/ are phonetic affricates.
Nasals voice a following obstruent.
Laminal consonants change a following pronounced as //a// from pronounced as /[ɨ]/ to pronounced as /[i]/.
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | (pronounced as /link/ (a)) | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Mid | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ (a) | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Low | pronounced as /link/ (â) | (pronounced as /link/) |
(a) is pronounced as /[ː]/ after another vowel, pronounced as /[i]/ after a laminal consonant and after pronounced as //ik, ek, iɡ, eɡ//. For some speakers, it is pronounced as /[u]/ after pronounced as //uk, yk, uɡ, yɡ//. Otherwise it is pronounced as /[ə]/ or pronounced as /[ɨ]/.
| Person | Nominative | Accusative | Genitive | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | sg. | õć, õ | ī̃ | ĩ |
| pl. | imo | imō | imo | |
| 2nd | sg. | tü | tū | tu |
| pl. | šo | šō | šo | |