| Kamarhati | |
| Settlement Type: | City |
| Pushpin Map: | India Kolkata#India West Bengal#India |
| Pushpin Label Position: | right |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location West Bengal, India |
| Coordinates: | 22.6686°N 88.3704°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  India |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | West Bengal |
| Subdivision Type2: | Division |
| Subdivision Name2: | Presidency |
| Subdivision Type3: | District |
| Subdivision Name3: | North 24 Parganas |
| Government Type: | Municipality |
| Governing Body: | Kamarhati Municipality[1] |
| Leader Title1: | Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) |
| Leader Name1: | Madan Mitra |
| Leader Title3: | Vice Chairman |
| Leader Name3: | Tushar Chatterjee |
| Leader Title2: | Chairman |
| Leader Name2: | Gopal Saha |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 10.96 |
| Elevation M: | 15 |
| Population Total: | 330,211 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Languages |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Official |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Bengali, English |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +5:30 |
| Postal Code Type: | PIN |
| Postal Code: | 700035, 700056, 700057, 700058, 700076, 700083, 700109 |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone code |
| Area Code: | +91 33 |
| Registration Plate: | WB |
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Lok Sabha constituency |
| Blank1 Info Sec1: | Dum Dum |
| Blank2 Name Sec1: | Vidhan Sabha constituency |
| Blank2 Info Sec1: | Kamarhati |
| Iso Code: | IN-WB |
Kamarhati is a city and a municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).[2] [3]
Kamarhati was earlier a part of North Suburban Municipality. In 1881-82 it was renamed Baranagar Municipality and Kamarhati became a part of it. In 1899, Kamarhati was separated from Baranagar Municipality and Kamarhati Municipality came into existence.[4]
During the British Raj it was a place for bungalows and gardens where the rich 'Babu' of Kolkata used to come.
With the partition of Bengal in 1947, "millions of refugees poured in from erstwhile East Pakistan."[5] In the initial stages bulk of the refugees were non-agriculturists. A few of them made their own arrangements, but "it was squatters who made the East Bengali refugees famous or infamous." Squatting (jabardakhal in Bengali) ranged from the forcible occupation of barracks to the collective take-over of private, government and waste land. By 1949, there were 65 refugee colonies in the Dum Dum and Panihati zone. The squatters were in a way "self-settlers" in the absence of adequate official arrangements for rehabilitation. Within a very short time the refugees (quite often with government/ administrative support) not only found a place to stay but developed a society with markets, schools, temples and sometimes even colleges, hospitals and recreational centres.[6] [7]
Kamarhati is located at . Neighbourhoods such as Belgharia, Ariadaha and Dakshineswar are part of this Municipality. The Kamarhati Municipality is located at Rathtala on B.T. Road. The sacred Dakshineshwar Kali Temple is situated in Kamarhati Municipal area.
Kamarhati is bounded by Khardaha and Panihati on the north, North Dumdum on the east, Baranagar on the south and the Hooghly River on the west.[8]
96% of the population of Barrackpore subdivision (partly presented in the map alongside, all places marked in the map are linked in the full screen map) lives in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km2. The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns.[9]
For most of the cities/ towns information regarding density of population is available in the Infobox. Population data is not available for neighbourhoods. It is available for the entire Municipal area and thereafter ward-wise.
Belgharia police station under Barrackpore Police Commissionerate has jurisdiction over Kamarhati Municipal area.[10] [11]
As per the 2011 Census of India, Kamarhati had a total population of 330,211, of which 170,293 (52%) were males and 159,918 (48%) were females. Population below 6 years was 25,350. The total number of literates in Kamarhati was 267,267 (87.67% of the population over 6 years).[12]
India census,[13] Kamarhati had a population of 314,334. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Kamarhati has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 81% and female literacy is 72%. In Kamarhati, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.
The following Municipalities, Census Towns and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration in the 2011 census: Kanchrapara (M), Jetia (CT), Halisahar (M), Balibhara (CT), Naihati (M), Bhatpara (M), Kaugachhi (CT), Garshyamnagar (CT), Garulia (M), Ichhapur Defence Estate (CT), North Barrackpur (M), Barrackpur Cantonment (CB), Barrackpore (M), Jafarpur (CT), Ruiya (CT), Titagarh (M), Khardaha (M), Bandipur (CT), Panihati (M), Muragachha (CT) New Barrackpore (M), Chandpur (CT), Talbandha (CT), Patulia (CT), Kamarhati (M), Baranagar (M), South Dumdum (M), North Dumdum (M), Dum Dum (M), Noapara (CT), Babanpur (CT), Teghari (CT), Nanna (OG), Chakla (OG), Srotribati (OG) and Panpur (OG).[14]
As per the District Census Handbook 2011, Kamarhati Municipal city covered an area of 10.96 km2. Amongst the civic amenities it had both open and covered drains. Amongst the educational facilities It had 97 primary schools, 39 secondary schools, 21 senior secondary schools, 2 degree colleges for arts/science/commerce and 20 non-formal education centres. Amongst the social, recreational and cultural facilities it had 1 cinema/theatre, 3 auditorium/ community halls and 30 public libraries. It had 15 bank branches.[15]
According to Barrackpore administration, the educational facilities available in Kamarhati are: 97 primary schools, 20 secondary schools, 18 private English-medium schools, 21 higher secondary schools and 2 degree colleges. Medical facilities are: College of Medicine & Sagore Dutta Hospital (with 150 beds) at Kamarhati, ESI Hospital at Kamarhati, Sri Ramkrishna Matrimangal at Ariadaha, Sahid Khudiram Health Institute at Belgharia and Arogya at Belgharia. Amongst the other facilities are: 268.95 km of roads (260.80 km pucca, 6.15 km kucha), 456.17 km drains (422.67 km pucca, 33.5 km kuchha), 16 markets, 3 post offices, 8 sub post offices, 3 cinema halls, 30 libraries, 1 ferry ghat, 24 play grounds (4 big and 20 small), 1 electric crematorium, 2 burning ghats and 2 Muslim burial grounds. 22,533 houses have water connection and there are 595 street taps.[16]
See also Cities and towns in Barrackpore subdivision
Some of the industries in Kamarhati are:
Kamarhati Municipality is included in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area for which the KMDA is the statutory planning and development authority.[30] [31]
Kamarhati has two important rail stations nearby on Sealdah-Ranaghat line by the Eastern Railway suburban network: Agarpara railway station and Belgharia railway station.[32] [33]
The B.T. Road which passes through the heart of the town provides ample road transport. Additionally other roads are there for smooth transport, like Graham road,Agarpara station road, Feeder Road, D.D. Mondal Ghat Road etc.
There are many schools in this locality like Ariadaha Kalachand High School, Ariadaha Sarbamangala Balika vidyalaya, Belgharia High School, Belgharia Mahakali Uchcha Balika Vidyalaya, Dakshineswar High School, Ariadaha Girls' High School, Kamarhati High School, Salimiah High School, Kamarhati Sagar Dutta free high school, Belgharia Deshapriya Vidyalaya etc. There some private schools like Techno India Group school, Adamas International School etc.
Bhairab Ganguly College was established at Belgharia in 1968. It offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, Hindi, Urdu, history, philosophy, political science, geography, education, physical education, physics, chemistry, mathematics, botany, zoology, physiology, economics, electronics, computer science, accountancy and general BA, BSc and B Com courses.[34] [35]
Hiralal Mazumdar Memorial College for Women was established at Dakshineswar in 1959. It offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, sociology, history, political science, philosophy, education, journalism, music, geography, economics, zoology, botany, food & nutrition, psychology, chemistry and general courses in BA and B Sc.[36] [37]
Adyapeath Annada Polytechnic College, Ramkrishna Mission Shilpapitha etc.
College of Medicine & Sagore Dutta Hospital (CMSDH) was started by the Government of West Bengal in 2010 and MBBS course was started in 2011. The hospital functions with 131 beds.[38] [39]
ESI Hospital, Kamarhati, functions with 350 beds. Facilities like medical, surgical, gynecological, obstetrics and ophthalmological besides ent is available. Both indoor and outdoor facilities are provided.[38]
Ariadaha Hospital is another important hospital.
North 24 Parganas district has been identified as one of the areas where ground water is affected by arsenic contamination.[40]