| Kakanj culture | |
| Region: | Central Bosnia |
| Period: | Neolithic Europe |
| Dates: | c. 6230 BC – c. 4900 BC |
| Majorsites: | Kakanj - Obre, Obre II, Papratnica, Plandište; Visoko - Arnautovići, Okolište; Zavidovići - Tuk |
| Precededby: | Cardium pottery, Starčevo culture |
| Followedby: | Butmir culture |
Kakanj culture was an early Neolithic culture that appeared in Central Bosnia and covered periods dated from 6230–5990 to 5300–4900 BC.
Central Bosnia and areas in Sarajevo, Visoko, and Zenica basins were some of the main areas of different prehistoric populations, especially along the shores of the Bosna river. Central Bosnia was already populated by other cultures, like the Starčevo and Cardium pottery. These formed the basis for the creation of a unique culture that is known as the Kakanj culture,[1] as the first findings were at a site called Obre, near the town of Kakanj.[2] Maria Gimbutas regarded the Kakanj culture as a local variant of the Starčevo, with elements of the Danilo group.[3]
Other known locations of this culture are sited at: Kakanj – Plandište, Papratnica; Visoko – Arnautovići, Okolište, and Tuk near Zavidovići. The Kakanj culture had strong influence on the development of the Butmir culture.[4] [5]
The excavated settlements were not uniform. The site in Obre included rectangular houses with 1 or 2 rooms, with foundations made of stone and clay loam walls. Stone tools were predominant, especially molded hatchets. Tools like spatulas and needles were made out of bones.[6]
The pottery was versatile, coarse, and monochrome.[7] The surface of the monochrome ceramics was well polished, as is in Butmir culture. The shapes included vessels with tall hollow conical stems, alongside bowls with thicker rims and 4-foot rhytons.[8] Plastic was poorly represented.