| Gaýgysyz Serdarowyç Atabaýew | |
| Office: | Chairman of the People's Commissars of Turkmenistan |
| Order: | 1st |
| Predecessor: | office established |
| Successor: | Aýtbaý Hudaýbergenov |
| Party: | Communist Party of Turkmenistan |
| Birth Date: | October 1887 |
| Birth Place: | Tejen Uyezd Transcaspian Oblast, Russian Empire |
| Death Place: | Moscow, RSFSR |
| Death Cause: | Execution |
| Alma Mater: | Tashkent Teachers Seminary |
Gaygysyz Atabayev (Turkmen: Gaýgysyz Serdarowyç Atabaýew) (October 1887 – 10 February 1938) was a Turkmen Soviet politician. He was born in Transcaspian Oblast. He was the first prime minister of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic.[1]
He was born in the village of Mäne of Tejen uyezd of the Trans-Caspian region. His father, Täçgök, was the leader of the village of Serdar and a prosperous miller; his mother was the daughter of an Afghan vizier (later, Atabayev never concealed his "non-proletarian" origin). By the age of 6 he was orphaned. He graduated from a second-class Russian-native school[2] in Tejen (1899-1903), and then the Tashkent Teacher's Seminary (1903–07). In 1908 he took the surname Atabayev in honor of his seminar classmate and friend M. Atabayev.
He taught at the workers technical school of Merv uyezd, headed a first class school in Baherden, was the translator for the head of Tejen District, and served in the office of the Merv Bank. He collaborated with the first Bolshevik government of the Transcaspian region. In 1918 he joined the Left Socialist Revolutionary Party.
Between September 1920 and 1922, he was chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Between February 1925 and July 1937, he was Prime Minister of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic.
He was removed from office and executed during the Great Purge.