Kabuh Formation Explained

Kabuh Formation
Type:	Geological formation
Age:	Zanclean–Chibanian ~
Period:	Pliocene-Pleistocene
Prilithology:	Sandstone, mudstone
Region:	Java
Country:	Indonesia
Coordinates:	-7.5°N 110°W
Paleocoordinates:	-7.6°N 110.4°W
Unitof:	Kendeng Group

The Kabuh Formation is a Plio-Pleistocene geologic formation from Central Java, consisting of several unnamed members belonging to the Kendeng Group. Many of the fossils discovered from Sambungmacan belonging to this group were discovered in an accumulated sediment deposit in a flood-controlling canal near the Solo River, including a series of hominin crania that are similar in anatomy and geologically younger than the Ngandong hominins upstream. This area was excavated throughout the 1970s.

Fauna

Gastropoda

!Genus!Species!Group!Material!Notes

Calyptraea (Bicatillus)^[1]	morbidum	Kendeng
Cerithium	bioekense
Cerithidea (Cerithideopsilla)	cf. microptera
	cheribonensis
	jenkinsi

Reptilia

!Genus!Species!Location!Material!Notes

Orlitia

borneensis

Sambungmacan

Right first costal, isolate^[2]

Geoemydid turtle

Mammalia

!Genus!Species!Location!Material!Notes!Images

Homo^[3] ^[4] ^[5]	erectus	Sambungmacan	A tibial shaft and three crania	Late-stage Indonesian hominins
	erectus newyorkensis^[6]			Not accepted^[7]
Bovidae^[8] ^[9]	indet.		A tooth	Discovered circa 1973 excavations

Notes and References

1. https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displaySearchStrataResults?group_formation_member=Kabuh Kabuh Formation
2. Setiyabudi . Erick . Takahashi . Akio . Kaifu . Yosuke . 2016 . First Certain Fossil Record of Orlitia borneensis (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from the Pleistocene of Central Java, Indonesia . Current Herpetology . en . 35 . 2 . 75–82 . 10.5358/hsj.35.75 . 1345-5834.
3. Kaifu . Yousuke . Baba . Hisao . Aziz . Fachroel . 2006 . Indonesian Homo erectus and Modern Human Origins in Australasia: New Evidence from the Sambungmacan Region, Central Java . Proceedings of the 7th and 8th Symposia on Collection Building and Natural History Studies in Asia and the Pacific Rim . 34 . 289–294.
4. Márquez . Samuel . Mowbray . Kenneth . Sawyer . G J . Jacob . Teuku . Silvers . Adam . 2001-04-01 . New fossil hominid calvaria from Indonesia-Sambungmacan 3: SM 3 Calvaria . The Anatomical Record . en . 262 . 4 . 344–368 . 10.1002/ar.1046. free .
5. Baba . Hisao . Aziz . Fachroel . Kaifu . Yousuke . Suwa . Gen . Kono . Reiko T. . Jacob . Teuku . 2003-02-28 . Homo erectus Calvarium from the Pleistocene of Java . Science . en . 299 . 5611 . 1384–1388 . 10.1126/science.1081676 . 0036-8075.
6. Laitman . Jeffrey T. . Tattersall . Ian . 2001 . Homo erectus newyorkensis: An Indonesian fossil rediscovered in Manhattan sheds light on the middle phase of human evolution . The Anatomical Record . 262 . 4 . 341 . 0003-276X.
7. Web site: Homo erectus newyorkensis Laitman and Tattersall, 2001 . Paleo Core.
8. Swisher . C. C. . Rink . W. J. . Antón . S. C. . Schwarcz . H. P. . Curtis . G. H. . Suprijo . A. . Widiasmoro . 1996-12-13 . Latest Homo erectus of Java: Potential Contemporaneity with Homo sapiens in Southeast Asia . Science . en . 274 . 5294 . 1870–1874 . 10.1126/science.274.5294.1870 . 0036-8075.
9. Web site: Homo erectus of Java: Potential Contemporaneity with Homo sapiens in Southeast Asia . 2023-08-09 . experts.mcmaster.ca . en.