KSE 100 Index explained

KSE 100 Index
Operator:Pakistan Stock Exchange Limited
Exchanges:Pakistan Stock Exchange
Constituents:100
Cap Level:Large
Weighting:Capitalization-weighted index
Related:KSE-30 Index
KMI 30 Index

The KSE-100 Index is a stock index acting as a benchmark to compare prices on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) over a period.[1]

In determining representative companies to compute the index on, companies with the highest market capitalization are selected. However, to ensure full market representation, the company with the highest market capitalization from each sector is also included.[2]

History

1991-2006 (Steady growth)

The index was launched in November 1991 with a base of 1,000 points.[3] By February 2007, it had skyrocketed to 12,285 points.[4]

2007 (Record breaking growth)

KSE-100 index touched the highest ever benchmark of 14,814 points on December 26, 2007, a day before the assassination of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, when the index nosedived.[5]

2008 Global crisis

2009-2010 (Recovery started)

The recovery was started.

2011-2012 (Best emerging market)

As of 7 November 2012 the index recorded highest level of 16,218 points and now KSE is being considered as a best emerging market in Asia with returns in financial 2011-2012 up to 40%-50%.

2013-2014 (Post-Elections)

As of April 30, KSE-100 Index recorded a new increase in its value standing at 28,913 points, that is more than 45.2% since the last fiscal year of 2012–2013.[13]

2016 (Reaching new heights)

By the month of June, KSE-100 was in positive conditions and it achieved 38,777 points on 17 June 2016.[14]

2017 (All-time high)

In January 2017, the stock market hit the all-time high of 49,969 points. On 13 February, it stands at 49,876 points.[15]

Pakistan qualified for the popular MSCI Emerging Markets Index in May 2017, an upgrade from Morgan Stanley Capital International's (MSCI) Frontier Market (FM) index.[16]

On May 25, 2017, the KSE-100 index reached the all-time high of 53,124 points, later it tanked to 37,919 points in a matter of seven months.[17]

Following Britain's decision to leave EU on 24 June, KSE dropped 1,100 points (3.1 percent) as stock markets went in turmoil as investors sought safe havens like gold and government bonds.[18]

2020 (COVID-19)

The first case of COVID-19 in Pakistan was reported on 26 February 2020. Its impact resulted in the fall of around 62% of KSE-100 index, lowest at 27,200 on March 25, 2020, from the high of 43,218 points on January 13, 2020. Despite the fall greater than 2005 and 2008 crisis, The market remained calm and confident, and no investors have made accusations of market manipulations and unfair trading.[19]

Constituents

Annual performance

The following table shows the annual performance of the KSE 100 Index based on closing on 31 December each year, which was calculated back to 1990 when the index was launched.[20] [21]

YearClosing levelChange in Index
in Points
Change in Index
in %
1990596N/AN/A
19911,6401,044175.16
19921,244−396−24.14
19932,16492073.95
19942,049−115−5.31
19951,498−551−26.89
20011,273.06−234.53−15.56
20022,701.421,428.36112.20
20034,471.821,770.4065.54
20046,218.461,746.6439.06
20059,556.613,338.1553.68
200610,040.50483.895.06
200714,075.834,035.3340.19
20085,865.01−8,210.82−58.33
20099,386.923,521.9160.05
201012,022.462,635.5428.08
201111,347.66−674.80−5.61
201216,905.335,557.6748.98
201325,261.148,355.8149.43
201432,131.286,870.1427.20
201532,816.31685.032.13
201647,806.9714,990.6645.68
201740,471.48−7,335.49−15.34
201837,066.67−3,404.81−8.41
201940,735.083,668.419.90
202043,755.383,020.307.41
202144,596.07840.691.92
202240,420.45-4,175.62|style="color:red"| -9.36|-|2023|62,451.04|22,030.59|54.50|-|}

Market indices

KSE began with a 50 shares index. As the market grew, a representative index was needed. On November 1, 1991, the KSE-100 was introduced and remains to this date the most generally accepted measure of the Exchange. The KSE-100 is a capitalisation-weighted index and consists of 100 companies representing about 90 percent of market capitalisation of the Exchange.

In 1995, the need was felt for an all share index to reconfirm the KSE-100 and also to provide the basis of index trading in future. On August 29, 1995, the KSE all share index was constructed and introduced on September 18, 1995.

The KSE 100 index reached its highest ever 53,103 points in May 2017.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: No, the stock market is not an accurate indicator of the economy. 22 August 2021. Profit by Pakistan Today.
  2. Web site: Understanding the benchmark KSE100 index. Muhammad Raafay. Khan. January 9, 2023. Profit by Pakistan Today.
  3. https://www.psx.com.pk/psx/themes/psx/uploads/KSE_100_Index_New_Brochure.pdf
  4. http://www.sbp.org.pk/departments/stats/Kse_Monthly.pdf#search=%22kse%20index%202000%22 KSE Index Monthly Report
  5. http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007\12\27\story_27-12-2007_pg5_25 Record-breaking spree at KSE on better earnings’ expectations
  6. Web site: Karachi Stock Exchange reaches record high - Gulf News . 2009-03-13 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080829193338/http://www.gulfnews.com/business/money/10204873.html . 2008-08-29 . dead .
  7. http://news.monstersandcritics.com/business/features/article_1398911.php/ANALYSIS_Pakistans_stock_market_roaring_on_several_factors Monster & Critics
  8. Web site: Bloomberg Politics - Bloomberg. Bloomberg.com. 4 June 2023 .
  9. Web site: Billions wiped off on KSE's 'black Friday'. Dilawar. Hussain. May 24, 2008. DAWN.COM.
  10. News: Protest over Pakistan share slump. July 17, 2008. news.bbc.co.uk.
  11. Web site: Forbes.com. .
  12. News: Pakistan shares up on resignation. August 18, 2008. news.bbc.co.uk.
  13. Web site: Economic Survey: KSE 100-Index up 45% in post-election rally. 2 June 2014.
  14. Web site: KSE-100 index catapult to its all time high to close at 38,777 index level. 17 June 2016.
  15. Web site: Pakistan Stock Exchange touches record high of 49,876 points. 23 January 2017.
  16. News: Nauman . Qasim . Pakistan Stocks Get MSCI Boost . The Wall Street Journal . 16 June 2016 . 16 June 2016.
  17. Web site: Hussain. Dilawar. 2021-06-26. MSCI may downgrade Pakistan to FM index. 2021-06-27. DAWN.COM. en.
  18. Web site: Brexit to hit Pakistan textile sector the most. 24 June 2016.
  19. Web site: PSX remains calm despite Covid-19 hits market worse than 2008 crisis. Malik. Ahmed. 2020-04-27. Business Recorder. en-US. 2020-05-31.
  20. Web site: Corporate finance in Pakistan : case studies from an emerging market. May 13, 1999. [Karachi] : Oxford University Press ; Lahore : Lahore University of Management Sciences. Internet Archive.
  21. Web site: KSE 100 Index (Pakistan) Yearly Stock Returns . 2024-02-08 . www.1stock1.com.