KLK10 explained

Kallikrein-10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLK10 gene.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

Kallikreins are a subgroup of serine proteases having diverse physiological functions. Growing evidence suggests that many kallikreins are implicated in carcinogenesis and some have potential as novel cancer and other disease biomarkers. This gene is one of the fifteen kallikrein subfamily members located in a cluster on chromosome 19. Its encoded protein is secreted and may play a role in suppression of tumorigenesis in breast and prostate cancers. Alternate splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.

Further reading

• Diamandis EP, Yousef GM, Luo LY, etal . The new human kallikrein gene family: implications in carcinogenesis. . Trends Endocrinol. Metab. . 11 . 2 . 54–60 . 2001 . 10675891 . 10.1016/S1043-2760(99)00225-8. 25806934 .
• Zhang Y, Bhat I, Zeng M, etal . Human kallikrein 10, a predictive marker for breast cancer. . Biol. Chem. . 387 . 6 . 715–21 . 2006 . 16800732 . 10.1515/BC.2006.090 . 1962156 .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1997 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Luo L, Herbrick JA, Scherer SW, etal . Structural characterization and mapping of the normal epithelial cell-specific 1 gene. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 247 . 3 . 580–6 . 1998 . 9647736 . 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8793 .
• Goyal J, Smith KM, Cowan JM, etal . The role for NES1 serine protease as a novel tumor suppressor. . Cancer Res. . 58 . 21 . 4782–6 . 1998 . 9809976 .
• Harvey TJ, Hooper JD, Myers SA, etal . Tissue-specific expression patterns and fine mapping of the human kallikrein (KLK) locus on proximal 19q13.4. . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 48 . 37397–406 . 2001 . 10969073 . 10.1074/jbc.M004525200 . free .
• Gan L, Lee I, Smith R, etal . Sequencing and expression analysis of the serine protease gene cluster located in chromosome 19q13 region. . Gene . 257 . 1 . 119–30 . 2001 . 11054574 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00382-6 .
• Dhar S, Bhargava R, Yunes M, etal . Analysis of normal epithelial cell specific-1 (NES1)/kallikrein 10 mRNA expression by in situ hybridization, a novel marker for breast cancer. . Clin. Cancer Res. . 7 . 11 . 3393–8 . 2002 . 11705853 .
• Bharaj BB, Luo LY, Jung K, etal . Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human kallikrein 10 (KLK10) gene and their association with prostate, breast, testicular, and ovarian cancers. . Prostate . 51 . 1 . 35–41 . 2002 . 11920956 . 10.1002/pros.10076 . 27003835 .
• Luo LY, Diamandis EP, Look MP, etal . Higher expression of human kallikrein 10 in breast cancer tissue predicts tamoxifen resistance. . Br. J. Cancer . 86 . 11 . 1790–6 . 2002 . 12087468 . 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600323 . 2375391 .
• Petraki CD, Karavana VN, Luo LY, Diamandis EP . Human kallikrein 10 expression in normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. . J. Histochem. Cytochem. . 50 . 9 . 1247–61 . 2002 . 12185203 . 10.1177/002215540205000912. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Petraki CD, Gregorakis AK, Papanastasiou PA, etal . Immunohistochemical localization of human kallikreins 6, 10 and 13 in benign and malignant prostatic tissues. . Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. . 6 . 3 . 223–7 . 2004 . 12970725 . 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500674 . 21609011 .
• Sauter ER, Lininger J, Magklara A, etal . Association of kallikrein expression in nipple aspirate fluid with breast cancer risk. . Int. J. Cancer . 108 . 4 . 588–91 . 2004 . 14696124 . 10.1002/ijc.11607 . 29116787 . free .
• Diamandis EP, Scorilas A, Kishi T, etal . Altered kallikrein 7 and 10 concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. . Clin. Biochem. . 37 . 3 . 230–7 . 2004 . 14972646 . 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.11.012 .
• Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A, etal . The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. . Nature . 428 . 6982 . 529–35 . 2004 . 15057824 . 10.1038/nature02399 . 2004Natur.428..529G . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .

External links

• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: S01.246

Notes and References

1. Liu XL, Wazer DE, Watanabe K, Band V . Identification of a novel serine protease-like gene, the expression of which is down-regulated during breast cancer progression . Cancer Res . 56 . 14 . 3371–9 . Sep 1996 . 8764136 .
2. Polikoff D, Kuo WL, Cochran JF, Wernick M, Kowbel D, Myambo K, Collins CC . Assignment of protease, serine-like 1 (PRSSL1) to human chromosome 19q13 by in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping . Cytogenet Cell Genet . 79 . 1–2 . 147–8 . Apr 1998 . 9533035 . 10.1159/000134705 .
3. Lundwall A, Band V, Blaber M, Clements JA, Courty Y, Diamandis EP, Fritz H, Lilja H, Malm J, Maltais LJ, Olsson AY, Petraki C, Scorilas A, Sotiropoulou G, Stenman UH, Stephan C, Talieri M, Yousef GM . A comprehensive nomenclature for serine proteases with homology to tissue kallikreins . Biol Chem . 387 . 6 . 637–41 . Jun 2006 . 16800724 . 10.1515/BC.2006.082 . 436200 .
4. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Kallikreins, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 1-3, 2005 . Biol Chem . 387 . 6 . 635–824 . Jun 2006 . 16800723 . 10.1515/BC.2006.081 . Diamandis . Eleftherios P. . Deperthes . David . Lundwall . Åke . 83910246 .
5. Web site: Entrez Gene: KLK10 kallikrein-related peptidase 10.