KIF23 explained

Kinesin-like protein KIF23 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIF23 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

In cell division

KIF23 (also known as Kinesin-6, CHO1/MKLP1, C. elegans ZEN-4 and Drosophila Pavarotti) is a member of kinesin-like protein family. This family includes microtubule-dependent molecular motors that transport organelles within cells and move chromosomes during cell division. This protein has been shown to cross-bridge antiparallel microtubules and drive microtubule movement in vitro. Alternate splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding two different isoforms, better known as CHO1, the larger isoform and MKLP1, the smaller isoform.^[2] KIF23 is a plus-end directed motor protein expressed in mitosis, involved in the formation of the cleavage furrow in late anaphase and in cytokinesis.^{[3] [4]} KIF23 is part of the centralspindlin complex that includes PRC1, Aurora B and 14-3-3 which cluster together at the spindle midzone to enable anaphase in dividing cells.^{[5] [6] [7]}

In neurons

In neuronal development KIF23 is involved in the transport of minus-end distal microtubules into dendrites and is expressed exclusively in cell bodies and dendrites.^{[8] [9] [10] [11] [12]} Knockdown of KIF23 by antisense oligonucleotides and by siRNA both cause a significant increase in axon length and a decrease in dendritic phenotype in neuroblastoma cells and in rat neurons.^[13] In differentiating neurons, KIF23 restricts the movement of short microtubules into axons by acting as a "brake" against the driving forces of cytoplasmic dynein. As neurons mature, KIF23 drives minus-end distal microtubules into nascent dendrites contributing to the multi-polar orientation of dendritic microtubules and the formation of their short, fat, tapering morphology.^[13]

Interactions

KIF23 has been shown to interact with:

• ARF3,^[14]
• AURKB,^{[15] [16]}
• BIRC6,^[17] and
• PRC1.^[18]

Mutation and diseases

KIF23 has been implicated in the formation and proliferation of GL261 gliomas in mouse.^[19]

Further reading

• Miki H, Setou M, Kaneshiro K, Hirokawa N . All kinesin superfamily protein, KIF, genes in mouse and human . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 98 . 13 . 7004–11 . June 2001 . 11416179 . 34614 . 10.1073/pnas.111145398 . 2001PNAS...98.7004M . free .
• Lee KS, Yuan YL, Kuriyama R, Erikson RL . Plk is an M-phase-specific protein kinase and interacts with a kinesin-like protein, CHO1/MKLP-1 . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 15 . 12 . 7143–51 . December 1995 . 10.1128/MCB.15.12.7143 . 8524282 . 230970 .
• Deavours BE, Walker RA . Nuclear localization of C-terminal domains of the kinesin-like protein MKLP-1 . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 260 . 3 . 605–8 . July 1999 . 10403813 . 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0952 .
• Mishima M, Kaitna S, Glotzer M . Central spindle assembly and cytokinesis require a kinesin-like protein/RhoGAP complex with microtubule bundling activity . Dev. Cell . 2 . 1 . 41–54 . January 2002 . 11782313 . 10.1016/S1534-5807(01)00110-1 . free .
• Kuriyama R, Gustus C, Terada Y, Uetake Y, Matuliene J . CHO1, a mammalian kinesin-like protein, interacts with F-actin and is involved in the terminal phase of cytokinesis . J. Cell Biol. . 156 . 5 . 783–90 . March 2002 . 11877456 . 2173305 . 10.1083/jcb.200109090 .
• Kitamura T, Kawashima T, Minoshima Y, Tonozuka Y, Hirose K, Nosaka T . Role of MgcRacGAP/Cyk4 as a regulator of the small GTPase Rho family in cytokinesis and cell differentiation . Cell Struct. Funct. . 26 . 6 . 645–51 . December 2001 . 11942621 . 10.1247/csf.26.645 . free .
• Obuse C, Yang H, Nozaki N, Goto S, Okazaki T, Yoda K . Proteomics analysis of the centromere complex from HeLa interphase cells: UV-damaged DNA binding protein 1 (DDB-1) is a component of the CEN-complex, while BMI-1 is transiently co-localized with the centromeric region in interphase . Genes Cells . 9 . 2 . 105–20 . February 2004 . 15009096 . 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2004.00705.x . 21813024 . free .
• Matuliene J, Kuriyama R . Role of the midbody matrix in cytokinesis: RNAi and genetic rescue analysis of the mammalian motor protein CHO1 . Mol. Biol. Cell . 15 . 7 . 3083–94 . July 2004 . 15075367 . 452566 . 10.1091/mbc.E03-12-0888 .
• Liu X, Zhou T, Kuriyama R, Erikson RL . Molecular interactions of Polo-like-kinase 1 with the mitotic kinesin-like protein CHO1/MKLP-1 . J. Cell Sci. . 117 . Pt 15 . 3233–46 . July 2004 . 15199097 . 10.1242/jcs.01173 . 3178600 .
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP . Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 101 . 33 . 12130–5 . August 2004 . 15302935 . 514446 . 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . 2004PNAS..10112130B . free .
• Jin J, Smith FD, Stark C, Wells CD, Fawcett JP, Kulkarni S, Metalnikov P, O'Donnell P, Taylor P, Taylor L, Zougman A, Woodgett JR, Langeberg LK, Scott JD, Pawson T . Proteomic, functional, and domain-based analysis of in vivo 14-3-3 binding proteins involved in cytoskeletal regulation and cellular organization . Curr. Biol. . 14 . 16 . 1436–50 . August 2004 . 15324660 . 10.1016/j.cub.2004.07.051. 2371325 . free . 2004CBio...14.1436J .
• Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ . Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells . Nat. Biotechnol. . 23 . 1 . 94–101 . January 2005 . 15592455 . 10.1038/nbt1046 . 7200157 .
• Benzinger A, Muster N, Koch HB, Yates JR, Hermeking H . Targeted proteomic analysis of 14-3-3 sigma, a p53 effector commonly silenced in cancer . Mol. Cell. Proteomics . 4 . 6 . 785–95 . June 2005 . 15778465 . 10.1074/mcp.M500021-MCP200 . free .
• Zhu C, Bossy-Wetzel E, Jiang W . Recruitment of MKLP1 to the spindle midzone/midbody by INCENP is essential for midbody formation and completion of cytokinesis in human cells . Biochem. J. . 389 . Pt 2 . 373–81 . July 2005 . 15796717 . 1175114 . 10.1042/BJ20050097 .

External links

• Web site: Baas. Peter. Peter Baas Lab. Research Lab.
• Web site: Kuriyama. Ryoko. Ryoko Kuriyama Lab. Research Lab.
• Web site: Glotzer. Michael. Michael Glotzer Lab. Research Lab. 2012-12-31. 2011-08-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20110821211527/http://mgcb.uchicago.edu/faculty/glotzer/. dead.
• Web site: Mishima. Masanori. Masanori Mishima. Research Lab. 2012-12-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002042/http://mechanochemistry.org/mishima/index.php. 2016-03-04. dead.
• Barr. Francis. Francis Barr Lab. Research Lab. 2005. 15. 9. R314-5. 10.1016/j.cub.2005.04.040. 15931723. 19619462. free. 2005CBio...15.R314B .

Notes and References

1. Nislow C, Lombillo VA, Kuriyama R, McIntosh JR . A plus-end-directed motor enzyme that moves antiparallel microtubules in vitro localizes to the interzone of mitotic spindles . Nature . 359 . 6395 . 543–7 . Nov 1992 . 1406973 . 10.1038/359543a0 . 1992Natur.359..543N . 4361579 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: KIF23 kinesin family member 23.
3. Hutterer A, Glotzer M, Mishima M . Clustering of centralspindlin is essential for its accumulation to the central spindle and the midbody . Curr. Biol. . 19 . 23 . 2043–9 . December 2009 . 19962307 . 3349232 . 10.1016/j.cub.2009.10.050 . 2009CBio...19.2043H .
4. Hornick JE, Karanjeet K, Collins ES, Hinchcliffe EH . Kinesins to the core: The role of microtubule-based motor proteins in building the mitotic spindle midzone . Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. . 21 . 3 . 290–9 . May 2010 . 20109573 . 10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.01.017 . 3951275 .
5. Neef R, Klein UR, Kopajtich R, Barr FA . Cooperation between mitotic kinesins controls the late stages of cytokinesis . Curr. Biol. . 16 . 3 . 301–7 . February 2006 . 16461284 . 10.1016/j.cub.2005.12.030 . free . 2006CBio...16..301N .
6. Douglas ME, Davies T, Joseph N, Mishima M . Aurora B and 14-3-3 coordinately regulate clustering of centralspindlin during cytokinesis . Curr. Biol. . 20 . 10 . 927–33 . May 2010 . 20451386 . 3348768 . 10.1016/j.cub.2010.03.055 . 2010CBio...20..927D .
7. Glotzer M . The 3Ms of central spindle assembly: microtubules, motors and MAPs . Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. . 10 . 1 . 9–20 . January 2009 . 19197328 . 2789570 . 10.1038/nrm2609 .
8. Sharp DJ, Kuriyama R, Essner R, Baas PW . Expression of a minus-end-directed motor protein induces Sf9 cells to form axon-like processes with uniform microtubule polarity orientation . J. Cell Sci. . 110 . 19. 2373–80 . October 1997 . 10.1242/jcs.110.19.2373 . 9410876 .
9. Sharp DJ, Yu W, Ferhat L, Kuriyama R, Rueger DC, Baas PW . Identification of a microtubule-associated motor protein essential for dendritic differentiation . J. Cell Biol. . 138 . 4 . 833–43 . August 1997 . 9265650 . 2138050 . 10.1083/jcb.138.4.833 .
10. Yu W, Sharp DJ, Kuriyama R, Mallik P, Baas PW . Inhibition of a mitotic motor compromises the formation of dendrite-like processes from neuroblastoma cells . J. Cell Biol. . 136 . 3 . 659–68 . February 1997 . 9024695 . 2134303 . 10.1083/jcb.136.3.659 .
11. Yu W, Cook C, Sauter C, Kuriyama R, Kaplan PL, Baas PW . Depletion of a microtubule-associated motor protein induces the loss of dendritic identity . J. Neurosci. . 20 . 15 . 5782–91 . August 2000 . 10908619 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-15-05782.2000. 6772545 .
12. Xu X, He C, Zhang Z, Chen Y . MKLP1 requires specific domains for its dendritic targeting . J. Cell Sci. . 119 . Pt 3 . 452–8 . February 2006 . 16418225 . 10.1242/jcs.02750 . 29919060 .
13. Lin S, Liu M, Mozgova OI, Yu W, Baas PW . Mitotic motors coregulate microtubule patterns in axons and dendrites . J. Neurosci. . 32 . 40 . 14033–49 . October 2012 . 23035110 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3070-12.2012 . 3482493 .
14. Boman AL, Kuai J, Zhu X, Chen J, Kuriyama R, Kahn RA . Arf proteins bind to mitotic kinesin-like protein 1 (MKLP1) in a GTP-dependent fashion . Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton . 44 . 2 . 119–32 . October 1999 . 10506747 . 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(199910)44:2<119::AID-CM4>3.0.CO;2-C .
15. Guse A, Mishima M, Glotzer M . Phosphorylation of ZEN-4/MKLP1 by aurora B regulates completion of cytokinesis . Curr. Biol. . 15 . 8 . 778–86 . April 2005 . 15854913 . 10.1016/j.cub.2005.03.041 . free . 2005CBio...15..778G .
16. Li J, Wang J, Jiao H, Liao J, Xu X . Cytokinesis and cancer: Polo loves ROCK'n' Rho(A) . J Genet Genomics . 37 . 3 . 159–72 . March 2010 . 20347825 . 10.1016/S1673-8527(09)60034-5 .
17. Pohl C, Jentsch S . Final stages of cytokinesis and midbody ring formation are controlled by BRUCE . Cell . 132 . 5 . 832–45 . March 2008 . 18329369 . 10.1016/j.cell.2008.01.012 . free .
18. Kurasawa Y, Earnshaw WC, Mochizuki Y, Dohmae N, Todokoro K . Essential roles of KIF4 and its binding partner PRC1 in organized central spindle midzone formation . EMBO J. . 23 . 16 . 3237–48 . August 2004 . 15297875 . 514520 . 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600347 .
19. Takahashi S, Fusaki N, Ohta S, Iwahori Y, Iizuka Y, Inagawa K, Kawakami Y, Yoshida K, Toda M . Downregulation of KIF23 suppresses glioma proliferation . J. Neurooncol. . 106 . 3 . 519–29 . February 2012 . 21904957 . 10.1007/s11060-011-0706-2 . 33089132 .