| Târnava | |
| Name Other: | Küküllő, Kokel |
| Pushpin Map: | Romania |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | Romania |
| Subdivision Type2: | Counties |
| Subdivision Name2: | Alba County |
| Length: | 23km (14miles) |
| Discharge1 Avg: | 25m3/s |
| Source1: | Confluence of the Târnava Mare and the Târnava Mică |
| Source1 Location: | Blaj, Romania |
| Source1 Coordinates: | 46.1717°N 23.8931°W |
| Mouth: | Mureș |
| Mouth Location: | Teiuș, Romania |
| Mouth Coordinates: | 46.1544°N 23.6989°W |
| Basin Size: | 6253km2 |
| Tributaries Left: | Târnava Mare, Secaș |
| Tributaries Right: | Târnava Mică, Dunărița |
The Târnava (full name in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Râul Târnava; Hungarian: '''Küküllő'''; German: '''Kokel'''; Turkish: '''Kokul''' or '''Kokulu''') is a river in Romania. It is formed by the confluence of the Târnava Mare and Târnava Mică in the town of Blaj. The Târnava flows into the Mureș after 23 km[1] near the town of Teiuș. The two source rivers of the Târnava are the Târnava Mare and Târnava Mică, and its tributaries include the Tur, Izvorul Iezerului, Secaș, and the Dunărița. Its drainage basin covers an area of 6253km2.[2]
The name Târnava is of Slavic origin from trn,[3] meaning "thorn".
Other proposed origins for the river's Romanian name is Turn (tower) + dav from Dacian dava (structure/fortress), i.e. "the river that flows amongst towers and davas"; or a reference to the Romanian city of Turda, forming Tur + ava from dava.
Trn (thorn) is used by Slavic peoples in the Balkans, Czechia and Slovakia, but the 60% R1a Slavs (Poles, Belarusians, Russians) say syp/ship.
The Hungarian name Küküllő is of Old Turkic origin from kukel meaning sloe, and is thought to have originated from the Avar people.