| Official Name: | Juodšiliai Eldership |
| Population As Of: | 2019 |
| Population Total: | 4,671 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Subdivision Type3: | Municipality |
| Timezone: | EET |
| Utc Offset: | +2 |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +3 |
| Timezone Dst: | EEST |
| Website: | https://www.vrsa.lt |
| Subdivision Name3: | Vilnius District Municipality |
| Seat Type: | Administrative centre |
| Seat: | Juodšiliai |
| Area Total Km2: | 23.63 |
| Subdivision Name2: | Vilnius County |
| Native Name: | Juodšilių seniūnija |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Type1: | Ethnographic region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Dzūkija |
| Native Name Lang: | lt |
| Settlement Type: | Eldership |
| Leader Title: | Elder |
| Leader Name: | Tadeuš Aškalianec |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
Juodšiliai Eldership (lt|Juodšilių seniūnija) is an eldership in Lithuania, located in Vilnius District Municipality, south of Vilnius.
The name Juodšiliai means "the black groves" . The village was named sometime after 1920, and takes its name from the surrounding coniferous forests.[2]
Rudaminėlė, a tributary of Vokė, flows along the northwest border of the eldership.
The settlement appeared relatively recently. Until World War I, the area was a forest (named Juodasis Šilas), which was felled by German soldiers. A railway was laid to transport the timber, and a train station was built nearby.[3]
The cleared space near the railway gave rise to a railroad worker village Reslerava.
The scenic area was favoured by the intelligentsia of Vilnius, and a campsite was built there.
In 1919, a school was opened in the village, and a monastery worked between 1920 and 1939. An orphanage also worked from 1924 to 1946.
The construction of a church was started in 1936, but was halted due to the war. After it, the church building was used to establish a foster home, later a hospital, but a fire in 1991 damaged the building. In 2001, the church was returned to its original purpose, and the church was officially inaugurated in 2016.
9 villages are located in the eldership, the largest of which are Juodšiliai and Valčiūnai.
According to the 2011 census:[4]