| Election Name: | June 1959 Icelandic parliamentary election |
| Country: | Iceland |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1956 |
| Election Date: | 28 June 1959 |
| Next Election: | October 1959 |
| Seats For Election: | All 35 seats in the Lower House and 17 seats in the Upper House of Althing |
| Turnout: | 90.63% |
| Heading1: | Upper House |
| Heading5: | Lower House |
| Leader1: | Ólafur Thors |
| Leader5: | Ólafur Thors |
| Party1: | Independence Party (Iceland) |
| Party5: | Independence Party (Iceland) |
| Last Election1: | 6 |
| Last Election5: | 13 |
| Seats1: | 7 |
| Seats5: | 13 |
| Percentage1: | 42.49 |
| Percentage5: | 42.49 |
| Leader2: | Hermann Jónasson |
| Leader6: | Hermann Jónasson |
| Party2: | Progressive Party (Iceland) |
| Party6: | Progressive Party (Iceland) |
| Last Election2: | 6 |
| Last Election6: | 11 |
| Seats2: | 6 |
| Seats6: | 13 |
| Percentage2: | 27.20 |
| Percentage6: | 27.20 |
| Party3: | People's Alliance (Iceland) |
| Party7: | People's Alliance (Iceland) |
| Last Election3: | 3 |
| Last Election7: | 5 |
| Seats3: | 2 |
| Seats7: | 5 |
| Percentage3: | 15.25 |
| Percentage7: | 15.25 |
| Leader4: | Emil Jónsson |
| Leader8: | Emil Jónsson |
| Party4: | Social Democratic Party (Iceland) |
| Party8: | Social Democratic Party (Iceland) |
| Last Election4: | 2 |
| Last Election8: | 6 |
| Seats4: | 2 |
| Seats8: | 4 |
| Percentage4: | 12.54 |
| Percentage8: | 12.54 |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Election: | Emil Jónsson |
| Before Party: | Social Democratic Party (Iceland) |
| After Party: | Social Democratic Party (Iceland) |
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 28 June 1959.[1] The Independence Party and the Progressive Party both won 13 seats in the Lower House of the Althing.[2] Following the tie, electoral reforms were introduced and early elections were held in October.
The elections were conducted under rural–urban proportional representation. Twenty-one members were elected in single-member constituencies via first-past-the-post voting, while the remainder were elected using D'Hondt method proportional representation: twelve members in two-member constituencies, eight members in Reykjavík, and eleven from a single national compensatory list. To earn national list seats, a party had to win at least one constituency seat. In constituencies electing two or more members, within the party list, voters had the option to re-rank the candidates and could also strike a candidate out. Allocation of seats to candidates was done using a system based on the Borda count.[3]