| Stadium Name: | Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos |
| Nickname: | El Nacional, El Coloso de Ñuñoa |
| Location: | Av. Grecia 2001, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile |
| Coordinates: | -33.4644°N -70.6106°W |
| Expanded: | 1962 |
| Renovated: | 2009–10 |
| Owner: | Municipality of Ñuñoa |
| Operator: | Chiledeportes |
| Surface: | Grass |
| Construction Cost: | $18,000,000 |
| Architect: | Francisco Romero |
| Publictransit: | at Estadio Nacional |
| Former Names: | Estadio Nacional (1938–2008) |
| Tenants: | Chile national football team Universidad de Chile Palestino Santiago Morning Deportes Recoleta Deportes Melipilla Real Juventud San Joaquín Municipal Santiago Gremio de Santiago Selknam (rugby club) |
| Seating Capacity: | 48,665[1] (60,000+ in concerts) |
| Record Attendance: | (Universidad de Chile–Universidad Católica, 29 December 1962) |
| Dimensions: | 105 m x 68 m |
Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos (originally known as Estadio Nacional) is the national stadium of Chile, and is located in the Ñuñoa district of Santiago. The stadium, located into the Estadio Nacional Park,[2] is the largest in Chile with an official capacity of 48,665. It is part of a 62 hectare sporting complex which also features tennis courts, an aquatics center, a modern gymnasium, a velodrome, a BMX circuit, and an assistant ground/warmup athletics track.
Construction began in February 1937 and the stadium was inaugurated on December 3, 1938. The architecture was based on the Olympiastadion in Berlin, Germany. The stadium was one of the venues for the FIFA World Cup in 1962, and hosted the final where Brazil defeated Czechoslovakia 3–1. In 1948, the stadium hosted the matches of the South American Championship of Champions, the competition that inspired the creation of the UEFA Champions League[3] and of the Copa Libertadores.[4] The stadium was notoriously used as a mass imprisonment, torture, and extrajudicial execution facility by the Pinochet dictatorship following the 1973 military coup.
In 2009, a complete modernization plan was unveiled for the stadium and surrounding facilities. President Michelle Bachelet said it would become the most modern stadium in South America.[5] By adding a roof above the stands, Bachelet promised the stadium would become an indoor venue, something that was never completed.[6] The stadium was the opening and closing ceremonies, athletics, and football venue for the 2014 South American Games, and hosted the opening ceremonies and the athletics during the 2023 Pan American Games and the Parapan American Games.
The stadium was built on former farmland, donated in 1918 by landowner and philanthropist Jose Domingo Cañas. The first sporting event in the new stadium took place on 3 December 1938, with a friendly game between the Chilean club Colo-Colo and Brazilian club São Cristóvão. Colo-Colo won 6–3.
It has hosted all matches of the 1941, 1945 and 1955 South American Football Championships, and several matches of the 1991 and 2015 Copa América.
The stadium hosted the final stages of the 1959 World Basketball Championship. It was held outdoors because the intended venue, the Metropolitan Indoor Stadium, was not ready in time.
In the early 1960s, under the government of Jorge Alessandri, the stadium was expanded to host the 1962 FIFA World Cup. The main change was that the velodrome that surrounded the stadium was replaced by galleries, thereby increasing its original capacity to around 95,000.
The stadium hosted group stage games between Italy, West Germany, Switzerland and Chile, including a notoriously ill-tempered and violent clash between Italy and Chile which became known as the Battle of Santiago. Also held at the ground were a quarter-final, a semi-final, the third place play-off, and the final, in which Brazil was crowned world champions for the second time. In the third-place play-off, Chile defeated Yugoslavia 1–0, marking the team's greatest success in international football.
Today, the ground serves as the home field for both the national team and the first-division club Universidad de Chile. It also hosts non-sporting events, such as political celebrations, charity events and concerts.
The stadium has been used since 1995 to 2022 as the final leg of the Telethon with Don Francisco, a 28-hour telecast. The stadium holds up to 100,000 people for this annual event with the Jumbotron showing the required amount to reach the goal and its current donation. Exceptions were in 2014 and 2020; the first one was canceled due to bad weather conditions and the second due to the protection after the social outbreak.
On July 5, 2008, the stadium was officially renamed Estadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, in honor of a recently deceased sports journalist.[7]
After the coup d'état of September 11, 1973, that ousted President Salvador Allende, the stadium began to be used as a detention facility. An article in the Harvard Review of Latin America reported that "there were over 80 detention centers in Santiago alone" and gave details of the National Stadium and others.[8]
Over 40,000 people spent time in the compound during the junta regime. Twelve thousand detainees were interned between September 11 and November 7.[9] The field and gallery were used to hold men, while women were held in the swimming pool changing rooms and associated buildings. Locker rooms and corridors were all used as prison facilities while interrogations were carried out in the velodrome.[10] The Red Cross estimated that 7,000 prisoners occupied the stadium at one point, of whom about 300 were foreigners. According to the testimonies of survivors collected by the humanitarian group, detainees were tortured and threatened with death by shooting. Some were actually shot or taken to unknown locations for execution. Pinochet and other members of the junta would often take turns hollering and swearing at the detainees over the stadium's public address system.
FIFA President Sir Stanley Rous insisted the USSR team play a World Cup qualifier at the time. They however refused to do so and Chile qualified automatically for the 1974 World Cup, where they failed to advance from a group containing both West and East Germany and Australia.
The use of the stadium during the coup d'état is depicted in the 2002 documentary film Estadio Nacional, directed and produced by Carmen Luz Parot, and in the 2007 Swedish film The Black Pimpernel, which is based on the story of Swedish ambassador in Chile Harald Edelstam and his heroic actions to protect the lives of over 1,200 people during and after the military coup. The Black Pimpernel was shot on location in Santiago. The 1982 film Missing by Greek filmmaker Costa-Gavras depicts the September 11, 1973, coup d'état and execution of American journalists Charles Horman and Frank Teruggi at the Estadio Nacional.
In 2011, Chile set aside a section of the stadium, a section of old wooden bleachers called "Escotilla 8", to honor the prisoners who were detained there. It is surrounded by a barbed wire fence.[11]
On June 15, 2009, President Michelle Bachelet announced several infrastructure improvements in order to modernize the stadium and its immediate facilities. Out of the total 24 billion pesos (US$42.3 million) contemplated in the plan, 20 billion pesos (US$35.3 million) are destined to bring the stadium up to modern standards. The changes include, a roof covering all the seats, which will also provide illumination; installation of seats around the entire stadium, lowering the current capacity to 47,000; a new state-of-the-art scoreboard; a 2.5 m deep 2 m wide pit will separate the track and the spectators to replace the fence; and several other changes. Because the stadium is a national monument the façade will remain the same, with the roof structure placed on top, without modifying the exterior. The stadium was closed on August 15, 2009. The stadium was scheduled to be reinaugurated in March 2010 to stage a double friendly match between Chile and North Korea and Panama, but the works were not finished on time. The construction of the roof has since been postponed by the government of President Sebastián Piñera due to financial constraints brought about by the February 27, 2010 earthquake. Although the stadium suffered minor damage from the earthquake, it partially opened to host the match between C.F. Universidad de Chile and C.D. Guadalajara for Copa Libertadores 2010. It was officially re-inaugurated on September 12, 2010, during Chile's bicentennial festivities.
On September 12, 2010, during the Chilean bicentennial festivities, President Sebastián Piñera announced that the capacity of the stadium will be increased so as to reach 70,000 seats for the 2014 South American Games that will take place in Santiago.[12] The works are expected to begin in 2012.[13]
On June 3, 2011, further renovation plans were announced by the government. The complete area surrounding the stadium will be turned into a park to be called "Citizenry Park" (Parque de la Ciudadanía). Over 70% of the new 64-hectare park will consist of green areas, and the rest will include new infrastructure such as a lagoon or restaurants. The new park is expected to be ready for the 2014 games. New sporting venues will be built for the 2014 games, such as two modern gymnasiums, a new heated pool for synchronized swimming, a renovated velodrome and an expanded CAR, which will also serve as residence of the future Ministry of Sports. The only venues that will remain are the stadium, the main tennis court, the velodrome, the CAR, the athletics track, the skating track, the hockey field and the caracolas.[14]
The highest attendance for a match at Estadio Nacional to date is 85,268, for a Primera Division match played on December 29, 1962; Universidad de Chile defeated Universidad Catolica 4–1. In the 2016–17 season, Universidad de Chile drew an average home league attendance of 30,041 for the Apertura and 33,466 for the Clausura.[15]
Estadio Nacional hosted ten games of the 1962 FIFA World Cup, including the final matches.
| Date | Time (UTC−04) | Team No. 1 | Res. | Team No. 2 | Round | Attendance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 May 1962 | 15:00 | 3–1 | Group 3 | 65,006 | |||
| 31 May 1962 | 15:00 | 0–0 | Group 3 | 65,440 | |||
| 2 June 1962 | 15:00 | 2–0 | Group 3 | 66,057 | |||
| 3 June 1962 | 15:00 | 2–1 | Group 3 | 64,922 | |||
| 6 June 1962 | 15:00 | 2–0 | Group 3 | 67,224 | |||
| 7 June 1962 | 15:00 | 3–0 | Group 3 | 59,828 | |||
| 10 June 1962 | 14:30 | 1–0 | Quarter-finals | 63,324 | |||
| 13 June 1962 | 14:30 | 4–2 | Semi-finals | 76,594 | |||
| 16 June 1962 | 14:30 | 1–0 | Third place play-off | 66,697 | |||
| 17 June 1962 | 14:30 | 3–1 | Final | 68,679 |
The stadium hosts many international and national concerts during the year. In 1977, Spanish singer Julio Iglesias was the first musical act and first solo artist to perform in the stadium.[16] Years later, in 1989, Rod Stewart performed what is considered the first proper rock concert by an international artist in the venue, drawing 70,000 fans, with the show being broadcast on TV throughout the country.[17] After that, the city started being included in many tours from international artists, using several facilities from the Stadium park. In 2001, Chilean band Los Prisioneros became the first act to perform two consecutive days in the stadium, while Madonna is considered the first international artist to achieve the same in 2008. In 2022, Puerto Rican star Daddy Yankee became the first act to sell out three concerts in the venue on a single day,[18] while British band Coldplay became the first act to schedule three and four consecutive concerts as part of the same tour.[19] [20] In 2023, Chilean band Los Bunkers became the second local act to book two consecutive concerts in the venue, after Los Prisioneros achieved the same in 2001.[21] In 2024, Colombian singer Karol G became the first solo female act to sell out three consecutive concerts in the venue.[22]
Recordings of concerts at the stadium have been commercially released. The show of Cuban folk singer Silvio Rodríguez in March 1990 was released on a 2CD set titled Silvio Rodríguez en Chile, while both concerts of Los Prisioneros in late 2001 were released on cassette and CD as Estadio Nacional, and on VHS and DVD as Lo Estamos Pasando Muy Bien. English heavy metal band Iron Maiden recorded their show in the venue during The Final Frontier World Tour in April 2011. The show was released on CD, LP, DVD and Blu-ray as En Vivo! in March 2012.[23] [24]
The following is a list of concerts, showing date, artist or band, tour, opening acts and attendance, separated by decade.
| 1980s | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Headlining Artist | Concert or Tour | Opening acts | Attendance |
| 22 December 1987 | Pat Metheny Group | Still Life (Talking) | — | |
| 7 March 1989 | Rod Stewart | Out of Order Tour | — | 80,000 |
| 10 November 1989 | Cyndi Lauper | A Night to Remember Tour | — | 45,394 |
| 1990s | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Headlining Artist | Concert or Tour | Opening acts | Attendance |
| 6 February 1990 | Bon Jovi | New Jersey Syndicate Tour | — | 33,186 |
| 31 March 1990 | Silvio Rodríguez | Retorno a la Democracia | — | 80,000 |
| 28 April 1990 | Joan Manuel Serrat | Por Fin Chile | — | 55,000 |
| 29 April 1990 | ||||
| 27 September 1990 | David Bowie | Sound+Vision Tour | — | 15,000 |
| 28 September 1990 | Bryan Adams | Playing For The Hell of It Tour | — | 70,000 |
| 29 September 1990 | Eric Clapton | Journeyman World Tour | Mick Taylor | 50,000 |
| 12 October 1990 | New Kids on the Block Rubén Blades Jackson Browne Inti-Illimani Congreso Los Ronaldos | Desde Chile... un abrazo a la esperanza | — | 80,000 |
| 13 October 1990 | Sting Peter Gabriel Sinéad O'Connor Rubén Blades Jackson Browne Wynton Marsalis Inti-Illimani Luz Casal | — | 80,000 | |
| 8 December 1990 | Xuxa | Xuxa 90 | — | |
| 13 September 1992 | Ramones | Mondo Bizarro Tour | Fiskales Ad-Hok | |
| 2 December 1992 | Guns N' Roses | Use Your Illusion Tour | Diva | 85,535 |
| 22 January 1993 | Soda Stereo | Gira Dynamo | — | |
| 4 May 1993 | Metallica | Nowhere Else to Roam | SpitFire | |
| 9 May 1993 | Duran Duran | The Dilate Your Mind Tour | — | |
| 29 September 1993 | Peter Gabriel | Secret World Tour | — | |
| 23 October 1993 | Michael Jackson | Dangerous World Tour | 85,000[25] | |
| 9 November 1993 | Bon Jovi | I'll Sleep When I'm Dead Tour | — | |
| 1 December 1993 | Luis Miguel | — | ||
| 16 December 1993 | Paul McCartney | The New World Tour | Eduardo Gatti | 45,000 |
| 10 April 1994 | Depeche Mode | Exotic Tour | Primal Scream | 25,000 |
| 13 November 1994 | Aerosmith | Get a Grip Tour | Gilby Clarke | |
| 19 February 1995 | The Rolling Stones | Voodoo Lounge Tour | Ratones Paranoicos Los Barracos | 53,600 |
| 7 November 1995 | Elton John | Made in England Tour | — | 40,000 |
| 22 October 1996 | AC/DC | Ballbreaker Tour | Malón | |
| 30 November 1996 | Luis Miguel | — | 45,200 | |
| 11 March 1997 | Kiss | Alive/Worldwide Tour | Pantera | |
| 13 September 1997 | Soda Stereo | El Último Concierto | Sien Solar | |
| 5 November 1997 | David Bowie | Earthling Tour | Bush Molotov | |
| 6 November 1997 | Erasure | The Cowboy Tour | No Doubt | |
| 11 February 1998 | U2 | PopMart Tour | Santa Locura | 67,633 |
| 12 May 1999 | Metallica | Garage Remains the Same Tour | Sepultura | |
| 20 November 1999 | Luis Miguel | Amarte Es Un Placer Tour | — | 60,000[26] |
| 2000s | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Headlining Artist | Concert or Tour | Opening acts | Attendance |
| 21 January 2000 | Chayanne | Atado a tu Amor Tour | — | |
| 29 March 2000 | Shakira | Tour Anfibio | — | |
| 15 January 2001 | Iron Maiden | Brave New World Tour | Halford | |
| 30 March 2001 | Alejandro Sanz | El Alma Al Aire Tour | — | |
| 4 October 2001 | Eric Clapton | Reptile World Tour | Miguel Vilanova | 50,000 |
| 30 November 2001 | Los Prisioneros | Estadio Nacional | — | 145,000 |
| 1 December 2001 | ||||
| 2 March 2002 | Roger Waters | — | ||
| 9 October 2002 | Red Hot Chili Peppers | By the Way Tour | Los Tetas | 15,000 |
| 16 November 2002 | Luis Miguel | Mis Romances Tour | — | 45,155 |
| 8 March 2003 | Shakira | El Tour de la Mangosta | Jimmy Fernández | 53,000 |
| 8 November 2003 | La Ley | Gira Libertad | — | 28,000 |
| 14 November 2003 | Ricardo Arjona | Gira Santo Pecado | — | |
| 31 March 2004 | Alejandro Sanz | No Es Lo Mismo Tour | — | 25,000 |
| 9 March 2005 | Lenny Kravitz | Celebration Tour | — | 50,000 |
| 15 November 2005 | Luis Miguel | — | 45,680 | |
| 26 February 2006 | U2 | Vertigo Tour | Franz Ferdinand | 77,345 |
| 12 March 2006 | Oasis | Don't Believe the Truth Tour | Los Bunkers | 7,000 |
| 10 October 2006 | Robbie Williams | — | 50,000 | |
| 3 November 2006 | RBD | — | 40,191 | |
| 22 November 2006 | Shakira | Tour Fijación Oral | — | 51,000 |
| 14 March 2007 | Roger Waters | The Dark Side of the Moon Live | — | 45,000 |
| 17 March 2007 | Alejandro Sanz | El Tren De Los Momentos Tour | — | 40,000 |
| 1 April 2007 | Don Omar Wisin & Yandel | La Trilogía del Reggaetón | — | 55,000 |
| 18 May 2007 | High School Musical Cast | Jordan Pruitt | 16,570 | |
| 24 October 2007 | Soda Stereo | Me Verás Volver | — | 140,000 |
| 31 October 2007 | ||||
| 22 November 2007 | Daddy Yankee | The Big Boss Tour | — | |
| 5 December 2007 | The Police | The Police Reunion Tour | 48,725 | |
| 13 November 2008 | Kylie Minogue | KylieX2008 | — | 10,000 |
| 10 December 2008 | Madonna | Sticky & Sweet Tour | Paul Oakenfold | 146,242 |
| 11 December 2008 | ||||
| 26 March 2009 | Radiohead | In Rainbows Tour | Kraftwerk | 52,000 |
| 27 March 2009 | ||||
| 2020s | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Headlining Artist | Concert or Tour | Opening acts | Attendance |
| 20 September 2022 | Coldplay | Music of the Spheres World Tour | Camila Cabello Princesa Alba | 256,916 |
| 21 September 2022 | ||||
| 23 September 2022 | ||||
| 24 September 2022 | ||||
| 27 September 2022 | Daddy Yankee | La Última Vuelta World Tour | Polimá Westcoast | 196,917 |
| 28 September 2022 | ||||
| 29 September 2022 | ||||
| 5 October 2022 | Guns N' Roses | We're F'N' Back! Tour | Molotov Frank's White Canvas | 57,352 |
| 28 October 2022 | Bad Bunny | World's Hottest Tour | Young Cister & Pailita Pablito Pesadilla | 55,278 |
| 29 October 2022 | Pailita Pablito Pesadilla | 55,084 | ||
| 1 March 2024 | Luis Miguel | Tour 2024 | Mario Guerrero | 75,743 |
| 2 March 2024 | ||||
| 19 April 2024 | Karol G | Mañana Será Bonito Tour | Denise Rosenthal | 168,120 |
| 20 April 2024 | ||||
| 21 April 2024 | ||||
| 27 April 2024 | Los Bunkers | Ven Aquí | Fabrizio Copano Pedropiedra | 100,000 |
| 28 April 2024 | ||||
| 29 October 2024 | Aventura | Cerrando Ciclos | — | rowspan="2" |
| 30 October 2024 | ||||
| 2 November 2024 | Slipknot Disturbed Mudvayne Babymetal Amon Amarth Poppy Orbit Culture | Knotfest | — | |
| 27 November 2024 | Iron Maiden | The Future Past World Tour | Dogma | rowspan="2" |
| 28 November 2024 | ||||
The stadium was built with an original capacity of 48,000 spectators in 1937. At the time, some considered it a "white elephant" because it was thought that it could never be filled. The term also alluded to the charges of corruption against the administration of Arturo Alessandri, which oversaw the stadium's costly construction.[27]
For the 1962 FIFA World Cup, seating capacity was increased to 74,000 with overflow areas allowing for a total of more than 80,000 people, by eliminating the cycling track that was moved to another location. Over the years, seating capacity was reduced to keep escape routes clear and prevent accidents.
For the 2000 World Junior Championships in Athletics, the installation of individual seats was required, which reduced capacity to 66,000 spectators. This requirement ensured that the stadium could not exceed capacity, as seen with the visit of Pope John Paul II in 1987 (believed to be attended by more than 90,000 people, though no accurate measurement could be taken as attendance was free, with no control), or the closing of the Telethon. The official capacity of the stadium as of 2014 is 48,665.[28]