Julianus Pomerius Explained

Julius Pomerius
Birth Date:	?
Birth Place:	Mauritania?
Death Date:	499-505
Death Place:	Arles, Kingdom of the Franks
Nationality:	African
Occupation:	Priest, rhetor, grammarian, writer
Years Active:	later 5th century
Known For:	teacher of Caesarius of Arles
Notable Works:	De vita contemplativa

Julianus Pomerius was a Christian priest in fifth century Gaul. He wrote five treatises, only one of which, De Vita Contemplativa, survives.^[1]

Life

He was renowned in rhetoric and grammar and was friends with Ennodius and Ruricius.^[2] He appears to have fled from Mauritania, North Africa to Gaul^{[3] [4]} to escape the Vandals, towards the end of the century. He became an abbot and a teacher of rhetoric at Arles,^[5] where he was known as the teacher of Caesarius, a great conservator of Augustine of Hippo's teachings.^[6] It is known that their titles probably emphasized the ascetic ideal.

Mary Josephine Suelzer said of Pomerius in her 1947 book Julianus Pomerius, the Contemplative Life:

The De Vita Contemplativa

• The first book of the treatise was based around the question of whether a cleric, embroiled by pastoral duties, could ever attain the rewards of the saint who withdrew from the world.
• The second book of treatise detailed the active life of a good priest, warning against covetousness and advocating abstinence.
• The third book was less specifically aimed at priests and was applicable to all Christians, laity and clergy alike. It delineated the four major vices: pride, cupidity, envy and vanity, of which pride was considered the greatest.
• The third book also dealt with the four virtues: temperance, justice, fortitude and prudence.
• This part of treatise is like a Christian manual and advice is more practical than theoretical.

His letters from Ruricius

From their correspondence it appears that Ruricius is younger than Pomerius, but is of a higher rank in the church:

Perhaps you marvelled that I wrote to your reverence as brother ... because, just as you are greater in age, you likewise are lesser in rank.

Ruricius's letters to Pomerius are almost sermon-like, in that he takes examples from the Bible in order to justify his own actions:

It happens thus so that divine matters might be communicated to humanity and so that human activities might share in the divinity according to those words of the apostle.

Pomerius's Influence in the Early Middle Ages

From the mid-eighth century through the mid-ninth, Pomerius's text excerpted a strong influence on readers within the Carolingian realm. Prominent ecclesiastical writers of this era, including Chrodegang of Metz, Paulinus of Aquileia, Halitgar of Cambrai, and Jonas of Orléans, drew from Pomerius, although these writers often misattributed quotations from the De vita contemplativa to Prosper of Aquitaine. Pomerius's work was also frequently utilized in the acta resulting from the Church councils held between 813 and 836.

External links

• Julius Pomerius, A Contemplative Life book reviews
• Opera Omnia by Migne Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes

Sources

• Devisse, Jean. "L'influence de Julien Pomere sur les clercs carolingiens: de la pauvrete aux Ve et IXe siecles." Revue d'histoire de I'église de France 61 (1970): 285–95.
• Klingshirn, William E. Caesarius of Arles: The Making of a Christian Community in Late Antique Gaul. Cambridge, 1994.
• Laistner, M.L.W. "The Influence During the Middle Ages of the Treatise De vita contemplativa and Its Surviving Manuscripts." In The Intellectual Heritage of the Early Middle Ages: Selected Essays by M.L.W. Laistner. 40–56. Edited by Chester G. Starr. New York, 1966.
• Leyser, Conrad. Authority and Asceticism from Augustine to Gregory the Great. Oxford, 2000.
• Markus, Robert A. The End of Ancient Christianity. Cambridge, 1991.
• Plumpe, Joseph C. "Pomeriana." Vigiliae Christianae 1.4 (1947): 227–39.
• Timmermann, Josh. "Sharers in the Contemplative Virtue: Julianus Pomerius's Carolingian Audience." Comitatus 45 (2014): 1-44.

Notes and References

1. Book: Daley, Brian . 1991 . The Hope of the Early Church: A Handbook of Patristic Eschatology . Cambridge University Press Archive . 205–306 . 0521352584 . September 8, 2015.
2. Book: Riché, Pierre . 1976 . Education and Culture in the Barbarian West: Sixth Through Eighth Centuries . . 32 . 087249330X . September 8, 2015.
3. Book: Magill, Frank Northen . 1965 . Masterpieces of Catholic literature in summary form, Volume 1 . . 220–222 . 9780060040505 . September 8, 2015.
4. Book: The Catholic University of America . The Catholic University of America . 2003 . New Catholic Encyclopedia: A-Azt . . 469 . 0787640050 . September 8, 2015.
5. https://books.google.com/books?id=RD48AQAAIAAJ&q=Julianus+Pomerius Buckfast Chronicle, Volumes 17-18
6. Book: Cunningham, Agnes . 1985 . The bishop in the church: patristic texts on the role of the episkopos . M. Glazier . 50 . 9780894534690 . September 8, 2015.