Jules Patenôtre des Noyers explained

Jules Patenôtre des Noyers
Office:French Ambassador to Spain
Term Start:1897
Term End:1902
Predecessor:The Marquis of Reverseaux
Successor:Jules Cambon
Office1:French Ambassador to the United States
Term Start1:1891
Term End1:1897
Predecessor1:Théodore Roustan
Successor1:Jules Cambon
Office2:French Minister to the Sultanate of Morocco
Term Start2:1888
Term End2:1890
Office3:French Minister to China
Term Start3:1884
Term End3:1886
Predecessor3:Arthur Tricou
Successor3:Jean Antoine Ernest Constans
Office4:French Minister to Sweden
Term Start4:1880
Term End4:1883
Predecessor4:Robert de Tamisier
Successor4:Charles Le Peletier d'Aunay
Birth Date:20 April 1845
Birth Place:Baye, Marne, France
Death Place:Menton, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France
Alma Mater:École Normale Supérieure
Children:Raymond Patenôtre
Yvonne Patenôtre
Relatives:Jacqueline Thome-Patenôtre (daughter-in-law)
Signature:Signature of Jules Patenôtre des Noyers (1884).png

Jules Patenôtre des Noyers (20 April 1845  - 26 December 1925) was a French diplomat.

Early life

Patenôtre was born in Baye (Marne) on 20 April 1845. He was the son of Charles Patenôtre (1814–1878) and Hortense Philipponnat (1822–1906). His paternal grandparents were Nicolas Pierre Patenôtre and Marie Justine (Radet) Patenôtre. His maternal grandparents were Philippe Louis Philipponnat and Rosalie (Bouché) Philipponnat.

Educated at the École Normale Supérieure, he taught for some years in the Algiers lycée before he joined the diplomatic service in 1871.

Career

He took service from 1873 to 1876 in the North of Persia. In 1880, he was appointed minister plenipotentiary in Stockholm, Sweden, succeeding Robert de Tamisier. He served until 1883 when he was replaced by Charles Le Peletier d'Aunay.[1]

China

In September 1883 he was named French minister to China and could conduct his most important mission in 1884, when he was sent as to regularize the French dominion in the Vietnamese protectorate state of Annam. The Harmand Treaty of 25 August 1883 had not been ratified by the French parliament and had upset the Chinese government. Patenôtre left Marseille at the end of April 1884 with a modified version of the treaty drafted by the Quai d'Orsay for signature by the king of Annam.[2] At the end of May, he moved to a military vessel near Cap Saint-Jacques, learnt about the end of the Sino-French war and the Tientsin Accord of 11 May and received additional instructions from Paris. He arrived in Hải Phòng on 26 May and in Huế on 30 May,[3] and started discussions with Nguyễn Văn Tường, the Regent.[4] On 6 June 1884, the imperial Chinese seal - a symbol of the vassal status of Annam which had been given to Gia Long - was melted and the Patenôtre Treaty was signed.[5]

He then proceeded to Shanghai where he arrived on 1 July[6] to settle with China the difficulties which had arisen over the evacuation of the Chinese troops from Tongking. The negotiation failed, and the French admiral Sébastien Lespès resumed hostilities against China in August 1884. The next year Patenôtre signed with Li Hongzhang a treaty of peace at Tientsin, by which the French protectorate in Annam and Tongking was recognized, and both parties agreed to remain within their own borders in the future.[7]

Morocco

From 1888 to 1891, Patenôtre served as Minister Plenipotentiary to the Sultanate of Morocco. In 1912, the Sultanate became a French protectorate when Sultan Abd al-Hafid signed the Treaty of Fez, following the French military occupation with the invasion of Oujda and the bombardment of Casablanca in 1907.[8]

United States

In December 1891, Patenôtre was presented his credentials in Washington, D.C. as the French Minister to the United States, succeeding Théodore Roustan. Roustan had been appointed the French Ambassador in Madrid, a post Patenôtre himself was appointed several years later.[9] Two years after being in Washington, he was raised to the rank of ambassador. He served as Ambassador until December 1897 when he was transferred to Spain,[10] and presented his letters of recall to President William McKinley.[11] He was succeeded by Jules Cambon, a former governor-general of Algeria.[12]

Spain

Like his predecessor Roustan in the United States, he was appointed ambassador to Spain at Madrid in 1897. Roustan had retired from the post in Madrid in 1894 and was succeeded by Frederic Guéau, Marquis of Reverseaux, who was replaced by Patenôtre. Patenôtre was received by the Queen Regent in Madrid on 29 December.[13] While he was Ambassador, the Spanish–American War broke out in 1898, which was resolved by the Treaty of Paris of 1898. He "seconded the efforts of the French Government for the re-establishment of peace at the time of the" War. He was rumoured to have been transferred to Constantinople in 1898, but they were unfounded.[14] He retired in 1902 and was, again, succeeded as Ambassador by Jules Cambon in his post.[15] [16]

He was appointed a Grand Officer of the Order of Legion d'Honneur in 1902.[17]

Personal life

On 27 March 1894, Patenôtre was married to Eleanor Louise "Nellie" Elverson (1870–1953) at 2024 Walnut Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the home of her father. The witnesses were Sir Julian Pauncefote, British Ambassador, and Prince Cantacuzino, Russian Ambassador.[18] The sister of James Elverson, Jr., and daughter of publisher James Elverson, Sr. by wife Sallie Duvall (the three of them owners of The Philadelphia Inquirer).[19] [20] Together, they had two daughters and a son:[21]

Patenôtre died on 26 December 1925 at Menton, a commune in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region on the French Riviera, close to the Italian border.[28]

Gallery

References

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Notes and References

  1. Devillers, Philippe (1998) Français et annamites . Partenaires ou ennemis ? 1856-1902, Denoël, Coll. Destins croisés, L'aventure coloniale de la France, Paris, 1998, 517 pp.
  2. Billot 1886 p.165-166, 172.
  3. Devillers (1998) p.271.
  4. After the brief reign of Hiệp Hoà (30 July 1883 - 18 November 1883), the new emperor Kiến Phúc was only 15 years old. He reigned only from 2 December 1883 to 21 July 1884 under the regents Nguyễn Văn Tường and Tôn Thất Thuyết.
  5. Billot (1886) p.172-175; Devillers (1998) pp.271-272.
  6. McAleavy 1968, p. 244; Billot 1886 p.194.
  7. Billot, Albert (1886) L'affaire du Tonkin. Histoire diplomatique de l'établissement de notre protectorat sur l'Annam et de notre conflit avec la Chine, 1882-1885, par un diplomate, J. Hetzel et Cie, éditeurs, Paris, vi+ 430 pp.
  8. Book: Miller, Susan Gilson.. A history of modern Morocco. 2013. Cambridge University Press. 978-1-139-62469-5. New York. 855022840.
  9. News: M. Patenotre in Washington. . 17 October 2024 . . 2 September 1900 . 4.
  10. News: Ambassador Patenotre's Transfer. . 17 October 2024 . . 19 September 1897.
  11. News: M. PATENOTRE'S RECALL. The French Ambassador Will Leave for Paris on Saturday. . 17 October 2024 . . 25 November 1897 . 3.
  12. Tabouis, Genevieve R. (1938) The Life of Jules Cambon.
  13. News: M. PATENOTRE IN MADRID. . 17 October 2024 . . 30 December 1897.
  14. News: M. PATENOTRE'S NEW POST. French Ambassador at Madrid Transferred to Constantinople. . 17 October 2024 . . 13 November 1897 . 19.
  15. [Henry McAleavy|McAleavy, Henry]
  16. News: FAREWELL BANQUET TO M. JULES CAMBON; Entertained by Senator Depew and James H. Hyde. Distinguished Company Meets the French Diplomat -- Secretary Root Charges Him with a Greeting to Spain. . 17 October 2024 . . 16 November 1902.
  17. Latest intelligence - France. 2 September 1902 . 3 . 36862.
  18. News: MARRIED THE FRENCH AMBASSADOR; Philadelphia Girl Becomes the Wife of M Jules Patenotre. . 17 October 2024 . . 28 March 1894 . 2.
  19. News: PATENOTRES IN COURT IN $2,183,347 FRAUD . 17 October 2024 . . 8 July 1948.
  20. News: ELVERSON FAMILY TAKING INQUIRER; Philadelphia Paper Is Reported Reverting From J.C. Martin to the Former Owners. . 17 October 2024 . . 29 September 1934.
  21. News: MISTRESS OF THE FRENCH EMBASSY Mme. Patenotre, the Cultured Wife of the Ambassador of France. . 17 October 2024 . . 12 May 1895.
  22. News: Daughter of M. Patenotre Dead. . 17 October 2024 . . 12 June 1903 . 9.
  23. News: A Child for Mme. Patenotre. . 17 October 2024 . . 10 June 1896.
  24. News: Times . Wireless To the New York . SON OF ANNA GOULD SUCCUMBS IN PARIS; Marquis De Castellane Held French Embassy Posts in London During 1940 . 9 March 2022 . . 8 February 1946.
  25. News: COUNT CASTELLANE TO WED MLLE. PATERNOTRE; Son of Duchess de Talleyrand Engaged to Daughter of Ex-French Ambassador. . 9 March 2022 . . 22 November 1920.
  26. News: COUNT DE CASTELLANE WEDS MLLE. PATENOTRE; Son of Former Husband of Anna Gould Marries Daughter of ex-French Ambassador. . 15 October 2024 . . January 7, 1921 . 13.
  27. News: PATENOTRE, SERVED IN FRENCH CABINETS; Minister of Economy Under 4 Premiers Dies--Published Daily, Weekly Papers . 17 October 2024 . . June 20, 1951.
  28. News: EX-AMBASSADOR DEAD. Jules Patenotre Was French Envoy Here Thirty Years Ago. . 17 October 2024 . . 28 December 1925 . 15.