is a famous story,[1] a form of Japanese spoken entertainment. It has a simple story, with the most humorous part being the repetition of a ridiculously long name. It is often used in training for entertainers.
A couple could not think of a suitable name for their newborn son. The father went to the local temple and asked the chief priest to think of an auspicious name. The priest suggested "Jugemu", and several other names. The father could not decide which name he preferred, and therefore, gave the baby all of the names.
Jugemu's full name is:
In one version of the tale, Jugemu got into a fight with a friend one day, and the friend suffered a large bump on his head. In protest, he went crying to Jugemu's parents. However, due to the amount of time it took to recite his name, by the time he finished, the bump on his head had already healed.[3]
Another version states that Jugemu fell into a well and drowned; everyone who had to pass along the news spent a lot of time reciting his entire name.[4] In yet another variant, Jugemu fell into a lake, and his parents barely arrived in time to save him.
Each part of Jugemu's name that the priest had suggested has an auspicious meaning:
Japanese folklore studies classify "Jugemu" as a variant of tale type The Child with a Long Name.[5] In the English speaking world, children's literature of this type is known by the titles "Tikki Tikki Tembo" and "Nicki Nicki Tembo".
An early version of this type is "" ('Sunk down the waters for greed'), in a book of jokes published in 1703, created by comedian Yonezawa Hikohachi. In it, a stepmother renames her sons. The stepson whom she hates is given a short name, and her precious own son given a long . One day, falls into a river, but people swiftly rescue him. Another day, the mother's own son is swept by the river. She cries "Somebody, please! is drowning!", but the boy is lost to the river as no-one comes to save him due to the time it takes her to say his name.[6] [7] Both names are garbled forms of phrases taken from Sino-Japanese readings of Chinese Buddhist sutras.[8] [9] The punchline is a Japanese pun involving the word .
A book of horror stories published in 1805 contains "" ('A tale of a man who named his son with a strange name, and regretted it'). In it, a man wishes to name his first son with a unique and long name. He consults a Confucian scholar, who recommends the name . A tutor of Japanese poetry sneers at this, opposing such use of foreign language to name a Japanese's son. The tutor proposes, a traditional poem of good fortune. The scholar and the tutor starts quarrelling, so the father decides to make the name by himself. He solemnly declares it will be.
One day, the boy falls into a well. People panic to rescue the boy, but for every message they recite the long name. The boy dies, "blue and swollen".[10] [11]
The name by the Confucian is taken from a translated Chinese Confucian textbook about Great Learning.[12] The poem that the tutor referred to, in its original form, is a palindrome[13] of Japanese morae (similar to syllables). The story gives no explanation of the origin or meanings of "Tekitekini". The book was written by a storywriter and storyteller with pen name Tozuisha.
The name "Jugemu" appears in a 1884 magazine article,[14] and the full story in a 1912 book. Another 1912 document suggests that the story of "Jugemu" may have existed by the mid-19th century.[15]
According to a memoire published in 1927, there was another performed around the 1880s.[16] In it, the first child is named by a Shinto priest, but dies in infancy; the parents ask a Buddhist priest to name their second child. The name is [17] The name is taken from a dharani (Buddhist chants in Sanskrit) in Lotus Sutra chapter 26. One day the child falls into a well and drowns; the punchline is a black humor relating Buddhist chants to Japanese funerals.[18] [19] This version is titled "". By the mid-20th century, it was no longer performed.[20]
"Jugemu" is performed not only in (theaters), but also to other audiences and on mass media, especially for children.
"Jugemu" was on a 1926 newspaper's radio broadcast program, with the full name printed.[21] There was another broadcast in 1932, this time for children, and the name printed on newspaper again.[22] The story is told in children's magazines from as early as 1926.[23] Even a prominent Japanese dictionary describes the full name, since its 1991 edition.[24] Television stations broadcast it also in children's programs.[25] In 2003, NHK children's TV program ("Let's play with Japanese language") featured a game of reciting the name from memory. The program proved popular.[26] There were schools that make all pupils memorize and recite it.[27]
Since 2005, several elementary school textbooks include "Jugemu".[28]
Lakitu, the cloud-riding turtle-dropping enemy character of the Super Mario Bros. video game series is called 'Jugemu' in Japanese versions of the game. In a similar reference, the eggs Lakitu drop, which turn into Spinies, are referred to as 'Paipo' in Japan, despite only being referred to as "Spiny's Eggs" or "Spiny Eggs" in English.[29] The spiked balls thrown by Spikes and blown in the air by Ptooies are called in another reference. Additionally, two Lakitus by the name of Lakilester and Lakilulu are named 'Pokopī' and 'Pokona' in the Japanese version of Paper Mario.
Jugemu's full name is quoted in the song by Japanese rock band KANA-BOON.
Jugemu (#40) is a colossal underground monster appearing to be only a tiny twig with a single leaf on the surface in the video game .
"Jugemu-jugemu gokōnosurikire sammy-davis broilerchicken" is the chant Sasami uses to turn into Pretty Sammy in the Japanese anime Magical Girl Pretty Sammy.
In a short included as a DVD extra for the anime series, the character known only by the mononym "Scar" reveals he shares his name with Jugemu; the character King Bradley (who is known to have adopted the name Bradley, originally bearing only the moniker "Wrath") then reveals that it happens to be his real name as well (though Bradley's voice actor repeatedly misses the third "Paipo"). They continue saying it while preparing for battle, until Scar, in reciting the name, accidentally bites his tongue.
Gintama has a monkey whose full name also starts with "Jugemu Jugemu", known for his vulgar habits. Trying to find a middle ground, the main characters have adopted a very long name which included insults regarding feces, certain species of fish and squid, as well as references to Final Fantasy IV and the Japanese rock duo B'z.
Jugemu's full name is recited in the lyrics of, the ending theme to, a manga and anime about a troupe of female performers.
Lucy from Servant x Service also shares the similar fate as Jugemu (having a long name with a similar origin) and when she first reveals her name her co-workers remark that she is a "modern day Jugemu Jugemu".
In Capcom's (2016), case 4, "Turnabout Storyteller", contains multiple references to different, including Jugemu. At the beginning of the trial, the prosecutor Nahyuta Sahdmadhi is questioned about his knowledge on, and in response offers to read Jugemu, and begins the story, before being cut off by Athena Cykes in order to return focus to the trial at hand. A character appearing in the case, Geiru Toneido, also has a dog called Jugemu, named after the story. Later in the game, it is revealed that one of the game's antagonists, Inga Karkhuul Khura'in, in reality has a Jugemu-esque name: Inga Karkhuul Haw'kohd Dis'nahm Bi'ahni Lawga Ormo Pohmpus Da'nit Ar'edi Iz Khura'in III; his middle names are pronounced as "How could this name be any longer or more pompous than it already is?"
Jugemu's name is featured prominently in an episode of . Two of the main characters perform it for a kindergarten their son attends.
In , Miku Flick/02, and , a Vocaloid producer named "Vocaliod-P" made a song named "Jugemu Sequencer" [30] which was inspired by Jugemu. This song has reached the Hall of Fame.
In episode 21 of Kamen Rider Fourze, the club can be heard practicing Jugemu when JK and Ryusei come to speak to one of the members.
In episode 33 of Tropical-Rouge! Pretty Cure, the five main characters come up with new attack names. Instead of choosing one, they combine them all into a really long attack name with several words from Jugemu's full name being a part of it.
In Overlord, many members of the Goblin Troop are named after Jugemu Jugemu, such as "Gokou", "Unlai", and "Yaburo".
In the manga series Akane-banashi, the protagonist Akane, a trainee Rakugo performer, is challenged to win a Rakugo competition by performing the Jugemu story.