| Josie English Wells | |
| Birth Name: | Josephine English |
| Birth Date: | 1876 |
| Birth Place: | Holly Springs, Mississippi |
| Death Date: | 20 March 1921 |
| Death Place: | Nashville, Tennessee |
| Education: | Meharry Medical College, 1904 |
| Occupation: | Physician, activist |
| Employer: | Fisk University
|
Josie English Wells (1876-20 March 1921)[1] was an African American physician and one of three women to graduate from Meharry Medical College in 1904.[2] She was the first female faculty member at Meharry,[3] and the first woman of any race to open a private practice in Nashville, Tennessee.
Josephine English was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi in 1876 to Berry English, a freedman and carpenter,[4] and his wife Eliza.[5]
In her earlier life, English worked as a nurse. She married George Wells, a Latin professor at Rust College, and the couple had a daughter, Alma. Soon after her birth in 1896, George Wells died, leaving Josie a single parent. Josie Wells then moved to San Antonio, Texas, in order to lead a nursing program at a hospital there. This was led by Dr. G.J. Starnes, a graduate of Meharry Medical College, who likely saw Wells' potential.
Wells entered Meharry's four-year medical program in 1900. She graduated in 1904, one of three women graduates.
Following graduation, Wells established a clinic for women and children that served the whole community, regardless of race. Hers was the first private practice in Nashville opened by a woman. Wells held free clinics families of limited means, and became the campus physician at Fisk University. In addition, she was the first woman on the Meharry Medical College faculty, and played an active role in fundraising for Hubbard Hospital, to which her sister Mary was also a donor. Wells was secretary of the George W. Hubbard Hospital Association.[6] [7] She became its superintendent in 1912, though she had effectively "had charge" since it opened in 1910.
In 1907, she was appointed physician in charge for the Nashville Day Homes' Club, established to provide food and education for children left at home while their parents went to work.[8]
As well as her professional work, Wells was active in the wider community. During the First World War, she was part of the executive committee of the Colored Unit of the Women's Council of Defense, and actively supported women's suffrage. Wells' daughter, Alma, married John T. Givens, a scholarship in whose name is awarded annually to a student in the School of Medicine.
Josie English Wells died on 20 March 1912. She was buried in Nashville's Greenwood Cemetery.
In 2022, a historical marker was erected to commemorate Wells by The Historical Commission of Metropolitan Nashville and Davidson County. Efforts for the plaque were spearheaded by Sandra Parham, library executive director at Meharry Medical College.