| Joseph Olayeni Oni | |
| Honorific Prefix: | Brigadier General |
| Width: | 150px |
| Office1: | Governor of Niger State |
| Term Start1: | July 1978 |
| Term End1: | October 1979 |
| Predecessor1: | Okoh Ebitu Ukiwe |
| Successor1: | Awwal Ibrahim |
| Birth Date: | 1938 7, df=yes[1] |
| Birth Place: | Lagos, British Nigeria |
| Rank: | Brigadier General |
Joseph Olayeni Oni (born 5 July 1938) was the military governor of Niger State, Nigeria from July 1978 to October 1979 during the military regime of General Olusegun Obasanjo.[2] Oni replaced Navy Commander Okoh Ebitu Ukiwe.[3] He established a budget of N157 million for 1979, of which N76 million was devoted to capital expenditure.[4]
Promoted to Brigadier, Oni was commander of the 1st Division from 9 January 1984 to 16 September 1985.[5] As Brigadier General, Oni was commander of the Headquarters Training and Doctrine Command, Nigerian Army, Minna from 15 September 1986 to 31 December 1987.[6]