| Joseph Hart (1711/12–1768) | |
| Birth Date: | 1711/12 (unknown date) |
| Birth Place: | London |
| Death Date: | 24 May 1768 |
| Death Place: | London |
| Education: | Place of study is uncertain |
| Occupation: | Minister/Pastor and language teacher |
| Spouse: | Mary Hart (née Hughes) |
| Nationality: | British |
Joseph Hart (1711/12 – 24 May 1768) was a Calvinist minister in London. His works include Hart's Hymns, a much-loved hymn book amongst evangelical Christians throughout its lifetime of over 200 years, which includes the well-known hymn, "Come ye sinners, poor and needy".
One of Hart's early publications was a tract denouncing Christianity (prior to his conversion) called The Unreasonableness of Religion, Being Remarks and Animadversions on the Rev. John Wesley's Sermon on Romans 8:32. His other works include a short autobiography and a few poetical translations of ancient classics.
He preached at Jewin Street chapel in London, a building with multiple galleries, to a congregation of significant size.
Only one of Hart's sermons is known: that of Christmas 1767. Several of his hymns appear in the Sacred Harp.
Hart's early life is poorly documented. He had a good education, learning the classical languages (Latin, Hebrew, and Greek), which afterwards he taught for a living. He spent a lot of his early life translating and writing poetry.
It was in this period of his life that Hart translated Herodian and Phocylides.
Hart wrote of his early life in his autobiography:
Hart was brought up in the Christian life, but soon fell into temptation. It was about this time of turmoil in his life, that he met and married a girl named Mary, 14 years younger than himself.
It was during this period of Hart's life that he left off doing his good works, and became a libertine, believing that there is no need to be righteous, all you need is to believe in God, then salvation is certain. It was then that he wrote The Unreasonableness of Religion, in an effort to convince John Wesley that he should not be doing good works only believing in God. The pamphlet had no effect upon Wesley, being accounted mere blasphemy. Hart later repented of writing it, and gave Wesley an unreserved apology.
During this period, Hart also translated Phocylides from the original Greek in 1744, and Herodian from its original Latin in 1749.
Hart later considered that there was a need both to do good works and to believe in God. But then came the uncertainty: Was he really and truly saved? He had no indication from God, no elaborate vision, telling him that he had been saved. This was a great worry to Joseph Hart. He began to pray to God that there would be some revelation granted him, or perhaps just a little sign. This tormented Hart for more than a year.
Then, the week before Easter of the year 1757 Hart "had such an amazing view of the agony of Christ in the garden [of [[Gethsemane]]]", showing him that all Christ's sufferings were for him (along with the rest of the church).
But soon after this, Hart again began to be afraid of the life to come (eternity), and feared exceedingly when reading about the condemned in passages in the Bible.
It was on Whitsunday that Hart's true conversion came. He was converted under the ministry of George Whitefield, and felt blessed in his soul.
After these times Hart still had sufferings and uncertainties as to his conversion, but he could always look back to his conversion, and believe that God saved his soul.
Hart's motto after this time was: "Pharasaic zeal and Antinomian security are the two engines of Satan, with which he grinds the church in all ages, as betwixt [between] the upper and the nether [lower] millstone. The space between them is much narrower and harder to find than most men imagine. It is a path which the vulture's eye hath not seen; and none can show it us but the Holy Ghost."[1]
Hart died on 24 May 1768. He was buried in Bunhill Fields. 20,000 people are said to have attended his burial, and listened to the funeral oration by Andrew Kinsman.[2]
The inscription on his monument reads: