Josef Anton Hafner (15 August 1709 in Türkheim – 1756 in Türkheim) was a German decorative painter.
He was the son of a tailor, and probably studied in Augsburg with Johann Georg Bergmüller, who was also from Türkheim. His earliest attributed work is an altarpiece in Lindenberg im Allgäu, depicting Saint George. Records show that, in 1732, he was paid for several works at the in Rammingen, including some that are now lost.
Shortly after, he created a flag for the All Souls' Brotherhood in Türkheim, that depicted purgatory on one side, and was used for funerals until the early 20th century. This was followed by two ceiling paintings at the . In 1734, he created more flags for the Brotherhood. Two years later, he executed several works at the .
His first large scale work was produced in 1740; a complex series of Biblical and hagiographic scenes at . This resulted in numerous orders for similar works. He was apparently involved in painting several church ceilings in the area around Lake Constance, c.1745. He may have also worked for private individuals, but this has not been firmly established. His greatest work is generally considered to be the high altar picture at the in Apfeldorf, showing Mary as Queen of the Rosary (1755).
He died of consumption sometime in 1756.