| José Manuel Gallegos | |
| Image Name: | José Manuel Gallegos.jpg |
| Birth Date: | October 30, 1815 |
| Birth Place: | Abiquiú, Santa Fé Province, Viceroyalty of New Spain |
| Death Place: | Santa Fe, New Mexico Territory |
| State: | New Mexico Territory |
| Term Start: | March 4, 1853 |
| Term End: | July 23, 1856 (Delegate) |
| Preceded: | Richard Hanson Weightman |
| Succeeded: | Miguel Otero |
| Term Start2: | March 4, 1871 |
| Term End2: | March 3, 1873 (Delegate) |
| Preceded2: | José Francisco Chaves |
| Succeeded2: | Stephen B. Elkins |
| Party: | Democratic |
José Manuel Gallegos (October 30, 1815 - April 21, 1875) was a delegate to the U.S. Congress from the Territory of New Mexico.
Born in Abiquiú, in what is now Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, Gallegos attended parochial schools. He studied theology at the Jesuit run College of Durango (Colegio de Durango), Republic of Mexico, graduated in 1840, and was ordained a Roman Catholic priest. He served as member of the legislative assembly of what was then the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, Republic of Mexico, from 1843 to 1846. He served as member of the first territorial council of the Territory of New Mexico in 1851.
Gallegos was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-third U.S. Congress (March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855). He was elected to a second term but served only briefly, March 4, 1855, to July 23, 1856, as he was succeeded by Miguel Antonio Otero (I), who had successfully contested Gallegos's election. He served as member of the territorial house of representatives 1860-1862 and served as speaker. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1862 to the Thirty-eighth U.S. Congress.
In 1862, Gallegos was made a prisoner of war by the Texas Confederate troops when they came through Santa Fe. He served as Treasurer of the New Mexico Territory in 1865 and 1866, and as Superintendent of Indian Affairs in New Mexico in 1868.
Gallegos was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second U.S. Congress (March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873). At the time he did not speak English and asked to be permitted a translator on the Floor of the House of Representatives, this request was denied. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1872 to the Forty-third U.S. Congress. He died in Santa Fe, and was interred there in the Catholic Cemetery.