| Honorific-Prefix: | The Most Excellent |
| José María Calatrava | |
| Order: | Prime Minister of Spain |
| Term Start: | 14 August 1836 |
| Term End: | 18 August 1837 |
| Predecessor: | Francisco Javier de Istúriz |
| Successor: | The Count of Luchana |
| Birth Date: | 26 February 1781 |
| Birth Place: | Mérida, Spain |
| Death Date: | 16 January 1846 (aged 65) |
| Death Place: | Madrid, Spain |
| Resting Place: | Pantheon of Illustrious Men |
| Party: | Partido Progresista |
José María Calatrava y Peinado (26 February 1781 in Mérida, Spain - 16 January 1846 in Madrid) was a Spanish politician who served as the Prime Minister of Spain and Minister of State between 1836 and 1837.
The main action of Calatrava's administration was proclaiming the constitution of 1837 which granted freedom of religion in Spain while still requiring the state to support the Roman Catholic Church. This was too drastic a change for many in Spain and it caused the downfall of Calatrava's government.[1]
He finished his career as President of the Supreme Court of Spain (1840–1843).
Calatrava y Peinado was an active Freemason, at the “La Templanza” Masonic Lodge and operated under the name of "Brother Tiberio Graco."[2] He was associated with the Grand Orient of the "Moderns" faction, based in Madrid.[2]
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