| José Márcio Ayres | |
| Birth Name: | José Márcio Corrêa Ayres |
| Birth Date: | 21 February 1954 |
| Birth Place: | Belém, Brazil |
| Death Place: | New York City, United States |
| Fields: | Conservation biology Primatology |
| Workplaces: | Mamirauá Institute Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Wildlife Conservation Society |
| Alma Mater: | University of São Paulo National Institute of Amazonian Research Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge |
| Academic Advisors: | David J. Chivers Paulo Vanzolini |
| Notable Students: | Hélder Queiroz |
| Known For: | Amazon conservation |
| Awards: | WWF Gold Medal [1] Ordem Nacional do Mérito Científico[2] Rolex Awards for Enterprise[3] |
| Thesis Title: | Uakaris and Amazonian flooded forest |
| Thesis Url: | https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/250887 |
| Thesis Year: | 1986 |
José Márcio Corrêa Ayres (February 21, 1954 – March 7, 2003) was a Brazilian primatologist and conservationist who founded the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve in 1996, followed by the Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve in 1998.[4] The two reserves are located in the central region of the Brazilian state of Amazonas, and are joined to adjacent Jaú National Park to form a corridor spanning over 20000sqmi of protected rainforest.[5]
Ayres devoted his life to the preservation of the unique biota and ecosystems of the Amazon, as well as to developing a method by which rural dwellers would benefit from the conservation of natural resources.[6] He realized that the uakari monkeys he had been studying for his doctoral thesis would stand no chance of survival unless new community-based models of natural resource management were applied to the much exploited Amazon river basin.[7]
Ayres's doctorate in primatology at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, in 1986 was for his thesis Uakaris and Amazonian flooded forest, the field work for which was undertaken on the upper Amazon River floodplain, near Tefé.[8]
Ayres died of lung cancer in 2003 at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, United States.[4]