Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic Explained

Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic
States:	Jordan
Familycolor:	Pidgin
Fam1:	Arabic-based pidgin
Iso3:	none
Glotto:	jord1239
Glottorefname:	Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic

Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic (JBPA) is an Arabic pidgin spoken in Jordan. The pidgin was formed from contact between the Jordanian Arabic and Bengali languages. UNESCO classifies it as "endangered/unsafe".^[1]

Grammar

The past/perfect and the present/imperfect in Jordanian Benagli Pidgin Arabic are not preserved. Imperfect aspect is interchangeably used for the past and the present tense. This lack of inflection for tense can be compensated either by context or by the existence of some adverbs, such as ʕawwal, gabul and badēn. Moreover, the tense/aspect might expressed by the use of the JBPA copula fī.

Phonology

Consonants^[2] !!!Bilabial!Labial!Interdental!Alveolar!Palatal!Velar!Uvular!Pharyngeal!Glottal

Plosive	Voiceless				t		k			ʔ
	Voiced	b			d		g
Fricative	Voiceless		f	θ	s	ç		χ	ħ	h
	Voiced			ð	z	ʝ		ʁ	ʕ
Affricative	Voiceless					cç
	Voiced					z
Nasal		m			n
Tap					r
Approximant			w		l	j	ɰ

JBPA underwent several phoneme shifts from Jordanian Arabic.^[3]

• The glottal stop /ʔ/ was, in most of the contexts, realized as a long vowel or was lost
• Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic speakers sometimes replaced the unvoiced labiodental fricative /f/ with the unvoiced stop /p/
• The interdental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/ have been replaced bytheir dental plosive counterparts /t/ and /d/
• The voiced fricative /z/, it sometimes shifts into its voiceless counterpart /s/
• The velar fricatives /ɣ/ and /x/ shifted to /k/ and /g/
• The pharyngeal /ħ/ is pronounced either as a slight /h/ or as a long vowel
• The Palatal Affricate /dʒ/ is substituted with the fricative /z/

See also

• Arabic-based creole languages

Further reading

• Al-Salman, Ibrahim Abdul Kareem. 2013. Jordanian Pidgin Arabic. Yarmouk University.
• Al-Salman, Ibrahim Abdul Kareem. Al-Haq, Fawwaz Al-Abed. 2014. Jordanian Pidgin Arabic.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic . 2023-05-18 . UNESCO WAL . en.
2. Al-Haq . Fawwaz Al-Abed . Al-Salman . Ibrahim . May 2014 . Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic . . 12 . 339 . 1539-8080.
3. Web site: Alsalman . Ibrahim . 2013-08-01 . Jordanian Pidgin Arabic . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240103071209/https://www.academia.edu/6322132/Jordanian_Pidgin_Arabic . 2024-01-03 . 2024-03-08 . Academia.edu.