Joint Bi-level Image Experts Group explained

The Joint Bi-level Image Experts Group (JBIG) was a group of experts nominated by national standards bodies and major companies to work to produce standards for bi-level image coding. The "joint" refers to its status as a committee working on both ISO and ITU-T standards. It was one of two sub-groups of ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 29, Working Group 1 (ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1), whose official title is Coding of still pictures.^{[1] [2] [3]}

The Joint Bi-level Image Experts Group created the JBIG and JBIG2 standards.^[4] The group often meets jointly with the JPEG committee, which typically meets three times annually.^[5]

ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29 Working Group 1 (working together with ITU-T Study Group 16 – VCEG^[6] and previously also with Study Group 8 – SG8^[7]) is responsible for both JPEG and JBIG standards.^[8] It included two sub-groups: the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG SG) and the Joint Bi-level Image experts Group (JBIG SG). After completing the 2019 edition of the JBIG2 standard, the JBIG subgroup was closed and its maintenance responsibilities were assigned to the general JPEG group.

In the mid-1980s, both CCITT (now ITU-T) and ISO had standardization groups for image coding: CCITT Study Group (SG) VIII (Telematic Services) and ISO TC97 SC2 WG8 (Coding of Audio and Picture Information).^[9] They were historically targeted on image communication. In 1986, it was decided to create the Joint (CCITT/ISO) Photographic Expert Group. In 1988, it was decided to create the Joint (CCITT/ISO) Bi-level Image Group – JBIG.

Published standards

JBIG have developed following standards, which were published by ISO/IEC and/or ITU-T:

Joint Photographic Experts Group - developed standards^{[10] [11]}

Common Name	Part	First public release date (First edition)	ISO/IEC Number	ITU Number	Formal Title
		1993	ISO/IEC 11544	ITU-T Recommendations T.82, T.85	Information technology – Coded representation of picture and audio information – Progressive bi-level image compression
		2001	ISO/IEC 14492	ITU-T Recommendations T.88, T.89	Information technology – Lossy/lossless coding of bi-level images

Note: The published JBIG2 standard was revised by three later amendments, which were consolidated into the current (2019) edition.

See also

• Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)
• Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)

External links

• Official JBIG page

Notes and References

1. Web site: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1 - Coding of Still Pictures (SC 29/WG 1 Structure) . ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 . 2009-05-07 . 2009-11-11 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131231055215/http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/29w12901.htm . 2013-12-31 .
2. Web site: Programme of Work, (Allocated to SC 29/WG 1) . ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 . 2009-11-07 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131231012300/http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/29w42901.htm . 2013-12-31 .
3. Web site: JTC 1/SC 29 - Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information . ISO . 2009-11-11.
4. Web site: About our committee . JPEG, JBIG . 2007 . 2009-11-11 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20091017140418/http://www.jpeg.org/committee.html . 2009-10-17 .
5. Web site: How does JPEG work? . JPEG . 2009-11-09 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100612204715/http://jpeg.org/working.html . 2010-06-12 .
6. Web site: ITU-T Home : Study Groups : Study Group 16 - Question 6/16 – Visual coding . 2010-03-07.
7. Web site: ITU-T Study Group 8 (Study Period 1997-2000) . ITU-T . 2010-03-07.
8. Web site: Joint Photographic Experts Group, JBIG Homepage . JPEG . 2009-11-08.
9. Web site: Riding the Media Bits, The Faultline . chiariglione.org . 2009-09-06 . 2010-02-09 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110122013656/http://ride.chiariglione.org/faultline.htm . 2011-01-22 .
10. Web site: Programme of Work, (Allocated to SC 29/WG 1) . ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 . 2009-11-07 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131231012300/http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/29w42901.htm . 2013-12-31 .
11. Web site: JTC 1/SC 29 - Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information . ISO . 2009-11-07.