John Tong Hon Explained

Type:Cardinal
Honorific-Prefix:His Eminence
John Tong Hon
Cardinal
Bishop Emeritus of Hong Kong
Church:Catholic Church
See:Hong Kong
Appointed:30 January 2008
Term Start:15 April 2009
Ended:1 August 2017
Predecessor:Joseph Zen, S.D.B.
Successor:Michael Yeung
Ordination:6 January 1966
Ordained By:Pope Paul VI
Consecration:9 December 1996
Consecrated By:John Baptist Wu
Cardinal:18 February 2012
Created Cardinal By:Pope Benedict XVI
Rank:Cardinal-Priest
Motto:Latin: Dominus Pastor Meus
Chinese: 主為我牧
(English: The Lord is my Shepherd)
Birth Date:31 July 1939
Birth Place:Central, British Hong Kong
Nationality:BDTC (until 1997), Chinese
Religion:Roman Catholic
Residence:Hong Kong
Alma Mater:Chinese University of Hong Kong
Pontifical Urbaniana University
Coat Of Arms:Coat of arms of John Tong Hon.svg
John Tong Hon
Dipstyle:His Eminence
Offstyle:Your Eminence
Relstyle:Cardinal
Deathstyle:none

John Tong Hon (born 31 July 1939) is a prelate of the Catholic Church from Hong Kong. A cardinal since 2012, he was auxiliary bishop of Hong Kong from 1996 to 2008, then coadjutor bishop of the diocese for a year, and Bishop of Hong Kong from 2009 to 2017. In January 2019, he became the apostolic administrator of the diocese, in a caretaker role, after the death of his successor, Michael Yeung.

Biography

Early years

Tong was born on 31 July 1939 at 8 Staunton Street in Central, Hong Kong. In his youth, Tong Hon spent ten years living in Hwa County (Fa-yuen, Fa-yun; now Huadu), Guangdong, before returning to Hong Kong.[1] His father died in China in 1952, at the age of 42.[2]

Tong studied at the Seminário de São José, Macau (now part of the University of Saint Joseph) and later earned a master's degree in philosophy from the Chinese University of Hong Kong before earning both licentiate and a doctorate in dogmatic theology at the Pontifical Urbaniana University.[2] He was ordained a priest on 6 January 1966.[3] In December 1992, he was appointed as vicar general of the Diocese of Hong Kong, together with Dominic Chan.[4] [5] He served in this role until his appointment as coadjutor bishop in 2008.[6]

Bishop

On 13 September 1996, he was appointed auxiliary bishop of Hong Kong. He was named consultor to the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples in 2003, after 24 years of service with their Holy Spirit Study Centre in Hong Kong.[7] [8] In March 2005, he visited Guangzhou on official business as a representative of the pope, along with other Hong Kong religious leaders; they were received at a banquet luncheon by Zhu Zhenzhong, chairman of the city's political consultative committee.

On 30 January 2008, Pope Benedict XVI named him coadjutor bishop of the Hong Kong Diocese.[9] [10] He had been named by the church as being in line for Zen's job as early as 2006; however, he stated he felt little excitement at the prospect of taking up the post.[11] He assumed the post of Bishop of Hong Kong on 15 April 2009 upon the retirement of Joseph Zen.[12]

In 2010 as part of his Christmas message, Tong Hon called on the Chinese government to free Liu Xiaobo, activist Zhao Lianhai and all those who are in jail for promoting human rights. He also urged Beijing to release all the clergy from the underground church who are behind bars for demanding greater religious freedom in China. In his message, he expressed four dreams or aspirations he has for the future of his diocese, namely evangelisation, vocations, the Universal Church and acting as a bridge with the mainland.[13]

Cardinal

On 18 February 2012 he was created Cardinal-Priest of Regina degli Apostoli alla Montagnola.[14] [15] He lost his voting rights in papal elections upon his 80th birthday. Regarding his elevation, Cardinal Tong said, "I feel inadequate yet grateful" and called the appointment both "an honour and a responsibility".

On 21 April 2012 Tong was appointed a member of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples and the Pontifical Council for Inter Religious Dialogue. In October 2012 he served as one of three Presidents-General of the Synod of Bishops on the New Evangelization.[16] [17] He was one of the cardinal electors who participated in his first and only 2013 papal conclave that elected Pope Francis.[18]

In July 2014 Tong received three auxiliary bishops to assist him in the running of the diocese, Bishop Joseph Ha Chi-shing, O.F.M., Bishop Stephen Lee Bun-sang and Bishop Michael Yeung Ming-cheung. At the same time, Pope Francis asked Tong to remain Bishop of Hong Kong for three more years.[19]

In 2015, when he would normally have participated in the Synod of Bishops as Hong Kong's representative, he was told that the Vatican could not make an exception for him and he would not be able to participate because he was older than 75, the standard retirement age for bishops.[20]

His resignation was accepted on 1 August 2017.[21]

Apostolic Administrator of Hong Kong

On 5 January 2019, the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples announced that Tong had been appointed Apostolic Administrator of the Diocese of Hong Kong, with the responsibility of governing it following the unexpected death of Bishop Michael Yeung.[22] On 17 May 2021 Pope Francis appointed Fr. Stephen Chow Sau-yan, SJ, as the new Bishop of the Diocese of Hong Kong. He took over from Cardinal John Tong Hon, who served as the Apostolic Administrator of Hong Kong since 5 January 2019.[23]

Views

Holy See–China relations

Shortly after he was made a cardinal, Tong said that the diocese of Hong Kong would take up the role of "Bridge Church", and that the local church was helping the mainland church to have better formation, reconcile among themselves and achieve full communion with the Pope and the Catholic Church. He went on to call for prayers for "the reopening of the China-Vatican dialogue" and for "the graces bestowed upon the excommunicated, so that their early repentance could bring reconciliation in our Church and thus the wounds of our Church could be healed." Tong said that he is confident that "if Catholics in China were to enjoy full freedom of religious belief and activities, they would not only be able to contribute more fruitfully to the well-being of society, but would also earn for their Motherland a higher reputation in the international community."[2]

In August 2016 Tong Hon revealed that the Holy See and Beijing had reached an initial agreement on the appointment of Catholic bishops in mainland China in an effort to secure a breakthrough in bilateral ties. In an article published[24] in the latest edition of the weekly diocese publication Kung Kao Po, Tong Hon also dismissed criticism that Vatican officials may go against the Holy See's principles and that the dialogue may sacrifice the rights of clandestine churches on the mainland. Tong wrote that Beijing was now willing to reach an understanding with the Vatican on the appointment of bishops in the Catholic Church in mainland China and seek a mutually acceptable plan.[25]

Opposition to LGBT rights

Tong Hon issued a pastoral letter in November 2015 urging Catholics to vote against candidates in the district council elections if they had liberal views on gay rights - including support for protections against discrimination and the legal recognition of same-sex marriage. He said that certain social movements were "challenging and twisting" core values on marriage and family, and had "shaken society to its core".[26] In response to the letter, a number of students at the Catholic Caritas Institute of Higher Education in Tiu Keng Leng held a protest during a visit by Tong to a graduation ceremony.[27]

Several pan-democratic parties criticised Tong's remarks. People Power lawmaker Raymond Chan Chi-chuen said, "The current pope has been calling for respect for the LGBT community. I do not understand why Tong would make such a comment at a time when worldwide Catholics are becoming increasingly liberal in handling the issue." A spokesman for the Labour Party also said that Tong's views differed from the remarks made by Pope Francis.[26]

That same month Tong criticised the US Supreme Court decision in Obergefell v. Hodges which legalized same-sex marriage in the United States.[28]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Wen Wei Po . zh:湯漢回故里 鄉情尤切切 . 30 March 2005 . 31 January 2008 . http://paper.wenweipo.com/2005/03/30/HK0503300013.htm . Leung . Yu . zh . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081020082943/http://paper.wenweipo.com/2005/03/30/HK0503300013.htm . 20 October 2008 .
  2. News: Card Tong: Pray for China-Vatican dialogue and for our role as a bridge-church . 1 August 2017 . 7 March 2012. Asia News. Annie . Lam.
  3. Web site: Bishop Tong, Hon John. Hong Kong Catholic Diocesan Archives. 31 January 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070927184420/http://archives.catholic.org.hk/administrators/tong.htm. 27 September 2007.
  4. Web site: Leading Events in 1990s. 20 January 2020. Roman Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong. https://web.archive.org/web/20190219104134/https://archives.catholic.org.hk/Leading%20Events/E-1990s.htm. 19 February 2019.
  5. Web site: TONG HON Card. John. 20 January 2020. Holy See Press Office. Holy See. https://web.archive.org/web/20190112025620/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tong-hon_j.html. 12 January 2019.
  6. Web site: The Pope appoints Bishop John Tong Hon as Coadjutor Bishop of Hong Kong. 20 January 2020. Hong Kong Catholic Social Communications Office. Roman Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong. https://web.archive.org/web/20160402144745/http://www.hkdavc.com/coadbishop_eng.html. 2 April 2016.
  7. News: Mons. John Tong Hon, Obispo auxiliar de Hong Kong, nombrado consultor de la Congregación para la Evangelización de los Pueblos . Fides . es . 28 July 2003 . 31 January 2008 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081020051121/http://www.fides.org/aree/news/newsdet.php?idnews=553&lan=spa . 20 October 2008.
  8. News: Hong Kong Auxiliary Bishop Appointed Consultor of Congregation for the Evagelization of Peoples. 1 August 2017. Zenit. 28 July 2003.
  9. News: Coadjutor Named for Hong Kong. 1 August 2017. Zenit. 30 January 2008. 1 August 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170801235540/https://zenit.org/articles/coadjutor-named-for-hong-kong/. dead.
  10. News: Pope Names Hong Kong Bishop . 30 January 2008 . 29 March 2017 . Associated Press . https://web.archive.org/web/20170329035017/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-01-30-815707983_x.htm . dead . 29 March 2017 .
  11. News: http://www.takungpao.com:82/news/06/10/09/LTA-633567.htm . 9 October 2006 . 31 January 2008 . Ta Kung Pao . zh:陳日君施以退為進伎倆 . Kiu . Fung . zh .
  12. 31 July 2019 . it . 15 April 2009. Rinunce e Nomine, 15.04.2009 . Holy See Press Office.
  13. News: Mgr Tong urges Beijing to free Liu Xiaobo, Catholic clergymen and human rights activists . 1 August 2017 . 27 December 2010. Asia News.
  14. News: Churches Assigned to New Cardinals. 1 August 2017. Zenit. 20 February 2012.
  15. News: Otterman. Sharon. Dolan Among 22 New Cardinals As Trend Favors Vatican Insiders. 1 August 2017. New York Times. 19 February 2012.
  16. News: Greeting by Cardinal John Tong Hon, President General of the Synod of Bishops. 1 August 2017. Zenit. 9 October 2012.
  17. News: Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith Gets New Prefect. 1 August 2017. Zenit. 2 July 2012.
  18. News: List of Cardinal Electors. 1 August 2017. Zenit. 12 March 2013.
  19. News: South China Morning Post . 31 July 2019 . 2 November 2015 . After six years as head of Hong Kong's Catholics, Cardinal John Tong keeps guiding faithful amid changing world .
  20. News: McElwee. Joshua J.. Hong Kong Cardinal rejected from Synod for being 76. 1 August 2017. National Catholic Reporter. 2 September 2015.
  21. News: Pope names coadjutor to Hong Kong as Cardinal Tong retires as bishop. 1 August 2017. National Catholic Reporter. Catholic News Service. 1 August 2017.
  22. News: Card Tong appointed Apostolic Administrator of Hong Kong. Paul . Wang . 7 January 2019 . 31 July 2019 . Asia News .
  23. Web site: 2021-05-17. Pope appoints Jesuit as new Bishop of Hong Kong - Vatican News. 2021-05-31. www.vaticannews.va. en.
  24. http://www.catholic.org.hk/v2/en/message_bishop/y2016_ChurchinChina.html The communion of the Church in China with the universal Church
  25. News: South China Morning Post. Beijing, Vatican reach initial accord on appointment of bishops, Hong Kong cardinal says . Tony . Cheung. Stuart. Lau . 1 August 2017 . 5 August 2016.
  26. News: Catholic bishop of Hong Kong hits out at gay marriage and tells flock to consider the issue before voting . 7 November 2015. 1 August 2017 . South China Morning Post . Tony. Cheung. Stuart. Lau.
  27. News: Hong Kong LGBTQ & Gender Politics & Protest Students hold graduation ceremony protest against Cardinal's LGBT stance . 1 August 2017 . 24 November 2015. Karen . Leung.
  28. News: Christian Examiner . 1 August 2017 . 13 November 2015 . Chinese cardinal: U.S. Supreme Court overthrew democratic process in gay marriage case . Gregory . Tomlin .