| John R. Eden | |
| State1: | Illinois |
| Term Start1: | March 4, 1885 |
| Term End1: | March 3, 1887 |
| Predecessor1: | Samuel W. Moulton |
| Successor1: | Edward Lane |
| State2: | Illinois |
| Term Start2: | March 4, 1873 |
| Term End2: | March 3, 1879 |
| Predecessor2: | District created |
| Successor2: | Albert P. Forsythe |
| State3: | Illinois |
| Term Start3: | March 4, 1863 |
| Term End3: | March 3, 1865 |
| Predecessor3: | James Carroll Robinson |
| Successor3: | Henry P. H. Bromwell |
| Resting Place: | Greenhill Cemetery |
| Birth Date: | 1 February 1826 |
| Birth Place: | Bath County, Kentucky |
| Death Place: | Sullivan, Illinois |
| Party: | Democratic |
John Rice Eden (February 1, 1826 - June 9, 1909) was an American lawyer and politician who a total of five terms served as a U.S. Representative from Illinois during three non-consecutive stints between 1863 and 1887.
Born in Bath County, Kentucky, Eden moved with his parents to Indiana.He attended public schools, and later studied law.He was admitted to the bar in 1853 at Shelbyville, Illinois and commenced practice in Sullivan, Illinois.
He served as prosecuting attorney for the seventeenth judicial district of Illinois 1856-1860.
Eden was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress (March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865).He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1864 to the Thirty-ninth Congress.He was an unsuccessful Democratic nominee for Governor of Illinois in 1868.
Eden was elected to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1879).He served as chairman of the Committee on War Claims (Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses).He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1878.He resumed the practice of law in Sullivan, Illinois.
Eden was elected to the Forty-ninth Congress (March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1887).He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1886.
He again engaged in the practice of law.
He died in Sullivan, Illinois, June 9, 1909.He was interred in Greenhill Cemetery.