| John Francis Anderson | |
| Birth Date: | 4 December 1832 |
| Death Place: | Portland, Maine, U.S. |
| Allegiance: | United States |
| Branch: | United States Army Union Army |
| Serviceyears: | 1861 - 1865 |
| Rank: | Major Brevet Brigadier General |
| Unit: | 24th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment |
| Battles: | American Civil War |
John Francis Anderson (December 4, 1832 – April 19, 1902) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
When the war broke out, Anderson who was the son of Maine's former Governor Hugh J. Anderson was initially commissioned First Lieutenant in the militia; and on September 2, 1861, Anderson became the adjutant of the 24th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry.[1] He was appointed to Maj. Gen. John G. Foster's staff as a major and an aide-de-camp on June 9, 1863 and served with that officer for most of the remainder of the war, resigning on March 27, 1865.[2] On December 11, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Major Anderson to the honorary grade of brevet brigadier general, to rank from March 13, 1865 and the United States Senate confirmed the award on February 6, 1867.[3]