John Edwards 2008 presidential campaign explained

Committee:John Edwards for President 2008
Candidate:John Edwards
U.S. Senator from North Carolina
(1999–2005)
Cand Id:C00431205
Fec Date:2008-01-31
Status:Announced December 28, 2006
Withdrew January 30, 2008
Key People:David Bonior (Manager)
Joe Trippi (Senior Strategist)
Jon Prince
Slogan:Tomorrow Begins Today
Homepage:johnedwards.com
(archived - January 2, 2008)

The 2008 presidential campaign of John Edwards, former United States Senator from North Carolina and Democratic nominee for Vice President in 2004 began on December 28, 2006 when he announced his entry into the 2008 presidential election in the city of New Orleans near sites devastated by Hurricane Katrina. On January 30, 2008, Edwards returned to New Orleans to announce that he was suspending his campaign for the Presidency. On May 14, 2008, he endorsed Barack Obama at a campaign event in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

Campaign

Timeline

On December 28, 2006, Edwards officially announced his candidacy for President in the 2008 election.[1] The day before, his campaign website accidentally released that Edwards would be entering the 2008 Presidential election when it went live for a short time one day prior to his planned announcement in Eastern New Orleans.[2] He also inadvertently released his campaign slogan early as well: "Tomorrow begins today."[3] This ended months of speculation about whether or not Edwards would make a second run for president.

David Bonior, a former House Democratic Whip from Michigan, was Edwards' campaign manager, bringing strong relationships with organized labor, as well as experience in grassroots campaigning.[4] Kate Michelman, a nationally prominent abortion rights activist and former leader of NARAL, joined the campaign as a senior adviser, charged with outreach to women.[5] Joe Trippi, former Howard Dean Internet strategist, joined Edwards' campaign as part of the media team and also senior adviser in April 2007.[6]

Two newly hired staff members responsible for the Edwards campaign blog, Amanda Marcotte and Melissa McEwan, came under fire from The Catholic League on February 6 regarding comments they had made in their personal blogs prior to joining the campaign which many Catholics considered bigoted.[7] Edwards refused to fire them, saying that while "intolerant language will not be permitted from anyone on my campaign...I also believe in giving everyone a fair shake".[8] The bloggers issued statements separating their personal blogs from the campaign,[9] [10] but Marcotte resigned a few days later, saying that the Catholic League's harassment was interfering with her ability to do her job.[11]

During a speech at the American Conservative Union's Political Action Conference, Ann Coulter used the epithet "faggot" in what she claimed afterward was meant as a one-liner joke about presidential candidate Edwards, a remark for which she was criticized by pundits on the left and the right.[12] Edwards responded to Coulter's remark, saying: "I think it's important that we not reward hateful, selfish, childish behavior with attention..."[13]

After his campaign kicked off in 2007, Edwards faced questions about potential conflicts between his campaign against poverty and his personal wealth, particularly the price of his recently built home (estimated at more than $6 million)[14] and how much he paid for two haircuts ($400 each).[15] Edwards reimbursed the campaign and explained that the cost was high because the stylist had to travel to where he was to give the cut.[16]

On March 22, 2007, Edwards and his wife announced that she was diagnosed with stage-IV breast cancer, with newly discovered metastases to the bone and possibly to her lung.[17] [18] They said that the cancer was "no longer curable, but is completely treatable"[19] and that they planned to continue campaigning together with an occasional break when Ms. Edwards requires treatment, saying "The campaign goes on strongly."[20] This ended erroneous media speculation prior to the press conference that Edwards would announce a suspension of his campaign.[21]

In May 2007, Edwards explained that his 2005 decision to work for the hedge fund Fortress Investment Group[22] was so that he might learn more about the way financial markets and poverty were linked, saying "It was primarily to learn, but making money was a good thing, too". Edwards initially declined to disclose exactly how much money he made, saying that all information would be released in his financial disclosure forms when candidates are required to do so.[23] Those forms, released a week later, showed that Edwards made $479,512 from his time at Fortress, making it his biggest single source of earned income in 2006.[24] In addition, Edwards has raised at least $167,700 for his campaign from individuals associated with Fortress Investment Group.[25]

During a campaign speech to the Council on Foreign Relations in May 2007, Edwards called the War on Terrorism a slogan that was created for political reasons and that it wasn't a plan to make the United States safe. He went further to compare it to a bumper sticker and that it had damaged the US's alliances and standing in the world. In response to the Edwards's remarks, President Bush's homeland security adviser called them "irresponsible, ... offensive and outrageous".[26]

On September 1, Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama joined Senator Edwards to stop campaigning in Michigan and Florida, two states that had bucked their party's nomination schedule.[27]

On January 3, 2008, in the Iowa Caucuses, the first contest of the nomination process, Edwards placed second with 29.75 percent of the vote to Obama (37.58 percent), with Clinton coming in third with 29.47 percent of the vote.[28] On January 8, Edwards placed a distant third in the New Hampshire Democratic primary with just less than 17% (48,818 votes). On January 26, Edwards again placed third in the South Carolina Democratic primary, 2008, his birth state, which he carried in 2004 and he placed third in the non-binding January 29 vote in Florida.

On January 30, 2008, Edwards announced that he was ending his campaign for the Presidency.[29]

On February 13, 2008, several high-ranking advisers close to Edwards stated that he believed that Clinton was the strongest remaining Democratic candidate and that, because of this belief, she was most likely to receive his public endorsement.[30] However, Obama's meeting with Edwards on February 17 brought that statement into question.

Fundraising

In the first quarter of 2007, the Edwards campaign raised over $14 million, $1 million of which was reserved for the general election. Almost $3.3 million of the $14 million was raised from over 37,000 contributions made over the Internet.[31]

On June 21, 2007, Edwards campaign adviser Joe Trippi sent out a fundraising e-mail stating that the campaign had a goal of raising $9 million in the second quarter and $40 million before the Iowa caucuses.[32]

On June 25, 2007, with the end of the second quarter of fundraising approaching and the campaign short of its goal, Trippi sent a strongly worded email to supporters, saying that "the whole Washington establishment wants our campaign to go away." Trippi wrote, "they don’t want the American people to hear the message, so they attack the messenger. They call him a hypocrite because he came from nothing, built a fortune while standing up for regular people during some of their toughest times, and—heaven forbid!—he has the nerve to remember where he came from and still care passionately about guaranteeing every family the opportunities he had to get ahead."[33]

On July 1, 2007, the Edwards campaign announced that they had met their goal just a few hours before the midnight deadline.[34] Edwards shrugged aside criticism that he had not raised nearly as much as his competitors by noting that Howard Dean, the leading fundraiser in 2004 did not get the nomination.[35]

On September 27, 2007, Edwards announced during a CNN interview that his campaign would accept public financing, enabling him to receive federal matching funds for the primary season.[36] The Federal Elections Commission formally declared him qualified on November 1, 2007.[37]

Opinion polling

Towards the end of 2007, polls indicated Edwards as either tied for 1st or 2nd place, depending on the poll, for the January 3, 2008, Iowa caucus and in 3rd place for the January 8 New Hampshire primary.[38] [39] [40] Edwards finished in 2nd place in the Iowa Caucus with 30% of the vote, behind Senator Barack Obama who had 38%, and ahead of Senator Hillary Clinton who had 29%.[41] On January 8, he placed third in the New Hampshire Primary, the first primary of the nominating process.

The early national polls showed Edwards placing third among the Democratic field, behind Clinton and Obama.[42]

Results

On January 3, 2008, the 2008 Iowa Caucuses were held across locations across the state of Iowa. Unlike primaries, voting during the Iowa caucuses was held across the state where participants gathered into groups to select their choice for the Democratic nominee. If a candidate failed to garner over 15% of the support at a particular site, all supporters at that site would be given the option to leave or join a different candidate.[43]

As votes were being tallied on caucus night, Edwards was in a tight battle for second place with Clinton, after major news agencies had projected that Obama had carried the caucuses.[44] With 100% of the votes counted, Edwards was confirmed to have finished in second place during the Iowa Caucuses with 744 state delegates, approximately 30% of the state delegation[45] narrowly edging out Hillary Clinton's 737 State delegates, approximately 29% of the state delegation[46] Both lost to Barack Obama's 940 delegates, 38% of the state delegation.

Following the Iowa caucuses, Edwards vowed to stay in the race until the Democratic Convention in Denver despite having less support among New Hampshire voters in the 2008 New Hampshire Primary. A poll released after the Iowa Caucuses showed that 20% of those polled showed their support for Edwards, compared to 33% for both Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama[47] However, with 100% of the vote counted, Edwards finished in a distant third with 17% of the vote, compared to second-place finisher Barack Obama who received 37% support, and even further behind Clinton, who won the state and received 39% of the vote.

Edwards was hit by further losses, including a distant third showing during the Nevada Caucuses in which he finished with 4% of the vote. This prompted Edwards to say "I got my butt kicked"[48] during an interview with Wolf Blitzer on Late Edition.

Finally, the Edwards campaign staked much of their campaign on South Carolina, a state in which the Senator won in 2004 with 45% of the vote, and the state in which he had been born. After a praised debate performance during the Democratic debate in Myrtle Beach shortly before the South Carolina Primary, Edwards began to see a last minute surge shortly before the contest.[49] During the conclusion of a last minute surge the week before the primary, most polls indicated Clinton and Edwards in a close match for second place in South Carolina In the end, Clinton came in second with 27% of the vote while Edwards came in third with 18% of the vote.[50]

After a non-binding contest in Florida, Edwards left the race, but garnered meaningful shares of the vote in some Super Tuesday contests, including with 10% of the vote in Oklahoma and 4% in Tennessee.[51]

Primary ContestPlacePercentage
Iowa2nd Place30%
New Hampshire3rd Place17%
Nevada3rd Place4%
South Carolina3rd Place18%
Florida (non-binding)3rd Place14%

Edwards won the nominating contest (None)

Edwards Placed Second in the Nominating Contest (Iowa)

Edwards placed Third in the Nominating Contest (New Hampshire, Nevada, South Carolina, Florida)

Delegate count

2008 Democratic presidential primaries delegate count
As of June 10, 2008
CandidateActual
pledged delegates1
(3,253 of 3,909 total)		Predicted
pledged delegates2
(3,409 of 3,909 total)		Estimated
superdelegates2
(694 of 825 total)		Estimated total delegates2
(4,103 of 4,934 total;
2,118 needed to win)
1,661 1,763 438 2,201
1,592 1,640 256 1,896
John Edwards– 6 – 6
Color key
Sources:
1 News: Primary Season Election Results . June 26, 2008. . https://web.archive.org/web/20080626223743/http://politics.nytimes.com/election-guide/2008/results/delegates/index.html. June 26, 2008 .
2 News: Election Center 2008 Primaries and Caucuses: Results: Democratic Scorecard . August 20, 2008 . . December 16, 2013 .

Endorsement

The endorsement of Edwards was heavily sought after by both Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama.

Edwards, after dropping out of the primaries, had a total of 19 Pledged Delegates from the Iowa Caucuses, the New Hampshire Primary, as well as the South Carolina Primary.[52] In addition to 19 Pledged Delegates, before departing the race, Edwards had the support of 26 Super Delegates in the Democratic Party. Also, Edwards had been endorsed by several big unions such as the USW (United Steelworkers).[53] The USW has approx. 650,000 members, across several states to influence the Presidential race.

Edwards met with Barack Obama on February 17, 2008,[54] to discuss various issues regarding his endorsement. Despite the fact that no announcement was made immediately after the endorsement, the meeting gained quite a bit of media attention.

Edwards had frequent conversations with Hillary Clinton throughout his time after the primaries. Also, Clinton met with Edwards in North Carolina on February 10, 2008, to discuss among other things a possible endorsement.[55]

On May 14, 2008, Edwards traveled to Grand Rapids, Michigan, to officially endorse Senator Barack Obama for the Democratic Presidential Nomination.[56] During his endorsement speech, Edwards praised Senator Clinton but stated that "the voters have made up their mind and so have I" to the sound of resounding applause to the packed audience .[57]

After Edwards had endorsed Obama, twelve of Edwards' delegates pledged their support to Obama following Edwards' lead. Also, the United Steelworkers followed his lead and endorsed Senator Obama.[58]

Political positions

See main article: Political positions of John Edwards.

Endorsements

See also: Newspaper endorsements in the 2008 United States presidential primaries.

Members of Congress

Opposition

The Wall Street Journal criticized his healthcare plan and estimated it would cost the taxpayers $120 billion a year[86] and pointed out how Edwards did not address the Tax Code with regards to S-Corporation loopholes that allow people to dodge medicare taxes; a loophole Edwards himself has used in the past.[87]

Host of the O’Reilly Factor, Bill O'Reilly was a vocal critic of Edwards since the beginning of the controversy regarding comments made by his former bloggers Marcotte and McEwan.[88] O'Reilly guessed that what he termed the "radical left" had intimidated Edwards and controlled his agenda.[89] O'Reilly claimed that Edwards pulled out of the Fox News debates to curry favor with financier billionaire George Soros, whom O'Reilly felt was funding radical causes.[90] Edwards was also disparagingly characterized on O'Reilly's show as "Huey Long with a Madison Avenue makeover" for his opposition to the surge.[91] O'Reilly provided no evidence to substantiate his claims.

The News Corporation criticized remarks Edwards made about its subsidiary Fox News, saying that Edwards' criticism was hypocritical as he received an advance from HarperCollins, also a subsidiary of News Corp, for his book.[92] Edwards donated the money to charity; however, O'Reilly's show alleged that Edwards did not provide proof of it when asked.[93]

See also

External links

Topic pages and databases
Media coverage

Notes and References

  1. News: John Edwards joins race for White House . https://archive.today/20100603225215/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-2521766,00.html . dead . June 3, 2010 . The Times . London . Sam . Knight . 2006-12-28 . 2010-05-06.
  2. News: John Edwards Joins Presidential Race . The Washington Post . Nedra Pickler . 2006-12-28 . 2006-12-28.
  3. News: Democrat John Edwards: I'm running for president . Associated Press . 2006-12-28 . 2006-12-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20061229190642/http://www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/12/28/edwards.ap/index.html . December 29, 2006.
  4. News: Bonior Joins Edwards: Ex-congressman will lead his run for White House . Detroit Free Press . 2006-12-29 . 2007-01-06.
  5. News: Abortion Rights Activist Backs Edwards . ABC . 2007-01-05 . 2007-01-06 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070218213302/http://www.abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory?id=2774465 . February 18, 2007 .
  6. http://www.dmwmedia.com/news/2007/04/20/former-dean-internet-strategist-joe-trippi-joining-john-edwards-campaign Trippi joins campaign
  7. http://www.catholicleague.org/07press_releases/quarter_1/070206_Edwards.htm Catholic League press release
  8. Web site: Statement on Campaign Bloggers . 2007-02-12 . Edwards . John . John Edwards . 2007-02-08 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070220043125/http://blog.johnedwards.com/story/2007/2/8/113651/4503 . 2007-02-20 .
  9. Web site: About My Personal Blog . 2007-02-12 . Marcotte . Amanda . Amanda Marcotte . 2007-02-08 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070210051117/http://blog.johnedwards.com/story/2007/2/8/112337/1160 . 2007-02-10 .
  10. Web site: My Words . Melissa McEwan . 2007-02-08 . 2007-02-12 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070210045844/http://blog.johnedwards.com/story/2007/2/8/112321/6431 . 2007-02-10 .
  11. Web site: Announcement . Pandagon . Amanda Marcotte . 2007-02-12 . 2007-02-13 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070216005126/http://pandagon.net/2007/02/12/announcement/ . February 16, 2007.
  12. News: Controversial columnist draws fire for gay slur. Reuters . 2007-05-04 . 2007-03-22.
  13. News: John Edwards Breaks Silence on Coulter's 'Faggot' Barb . . 2007-03-06 . 2007-03-05 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20070307073247/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0%2C2933%2C256526%2C00.html . March 7, 2007 .
  14. News: Edwards Home County's Largest . Carolina Journal . 2007-01-26 . 2007-06-14 . 2007-06-10 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070610043657/http://carolinajournal.com/exclusives/display_exclusive.html?id=3848 . dead .
  15. News: Edwards' haircuts cost a pretty penny . NBC News . 2007-04-17.
  16. News: Edwards 'embarrassed' by haircut . Quad City Times . 2007-04-20.
  17. News: Former Sen. Edwards Holds a News Conference on Wife's Health: Breast Cancer Has Returned . Transcript of press conference . Washington Post. 2007-03-22. 2007-03-25.
  18. News: Edwards: Wife's cancer returns, campaign goes on . CNN . Candy Crowley . 2007-03-23 . 2007-06-14.
  19. News: Edwards: Cancer 'no longer curable' . CNN . Mary Carter . Elizabeth Cohen . Amy Burkholder . 2007-05-22 . 2007-06-14.
  20. Web site: Edwards Presses on With 2008 Campaign . Nedra Pickler. ap.org . 2007-03-22 . 2007-03-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070328171649/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070322/ap_on_el_pr/edwards2008 . March 28, 2007.
  21. See politico.com's explanation and retraction of their incorrect blog post which other media had cited in the hours leading up to the press conference. Web site: How Politico Got It Wrong. Ben Smith. politico.com. 2007-03-23. 2007-03-22.
  22. News: Edwards Says He Didn't Know About Subprime Push . Alec MacGillis and John Solomon . Washington Post . 2007-05-11 . 2007-05-13.
  23. News: Edwards Discusses Time at Hedge Fund . Associated Press . 2007-05-08 . 2007-05-20 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080618063852/http://www.abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory?id=3152277 . June 18, 2008 .
  24. News: Candidates' assets, income on display . NBC News . 2007-05-16 . 2007-05-20.
  25. News: Fortress Contributions to Edwards . Washington Post . 2007-05-24 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070528135519/http://projects.washingtonpost.com/fec/specials/edwards/ . May 28, 2007 .
  26. News: Edwards slams war on terrorism as "bumper sticker" . Reuters . Michelle Nichols . 2007-05-23 . 2007-06-14.
  27. News: Clinton, Obama and Edwards Join Pledge to Avoid Defiant States . Jeff Zeleny . New York Times . September 2, 2007 . 2007-12-07.
  28. http://www.iowacaucusresults.com/ Iowa Democratic Party Caucus Results
  29. News: Edwards exits presidential race . CBS News . 2008-01-30 . 2008-01-30.
  30. News: Edwards Endorsement For Obama: Speculation Grows . Huffington Post . Nico . Pitney . 2008-02-13.
  31. News: Edwards campaign raises $14 million . Robert Yoon and Sasha Johnson . CNN.com . 2007-04-01 . 2007-06-01.
  32. News: Edwards' 2Q fundraising goal? . Mark Murray . MSNBC.com . 2007-06-21 . 2007-07-09 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070629090507/http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2007/06/21/232411.aspx . 2007-06-29 .
  33. News: Edwards campaign claims Washington wants them to 'go away' . https://web.archive.org/web/20070702175103/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2007/06/25/edwards-campaign-claims-washington-wants-them-to-go-away/ . dead . July 2, 2007 . CNN . Alexander Mooney . 2007-06-25 . 2007-06-25.
  34. News: Edwards Pulls in $9 Million for Quarter . ABC . Raelyn Johnson . 2007-07-01 . 2007-07-09.
  35. News: Edwards cites Dean campaign as example . AP . 2007-07-08 . 2007-07-09 . The Boston Globe . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120127235611/http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2007/07/08/edwards_cites_dean_campaign_as_example/ . January 27, 2012 .
  36. News: Edwards says he'll accept public financing . CNN . 2007-09-27 . 2007-09-27 .
  37. http://www.fec.gov/press/press2007/20071101edwards.shtml edwards certification
  38. News: New Lee poll: Edwards moves into 3-way tie. . Dan . Gearino . December 28, 2007.
  39. News: Obama catches Clinton in N.H.; Iowa remains a 3-way contest . . Janet . Hook . December 28, 2007.
  40. Web site: Iowa Democratic Presidential Caucus Preference . 2007-12-30 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071230093659/http://www.americanresearchgroup.com/pres08/iadem8-716.html . 2007-12-30 .
  41. News: RESULTS: Iowa . Election Center 2008 . CNN.
  42. Web site: Clinton, Obama in Virtual Tie Among Democrats . Rasmussen FReports . 2007-01-17 . 2007-06-01 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070120091622/http://www.rasmussenreports.com/Political%20Tracking/Democratic%20Primaries/DemocraticPrimary.htm . 2007-01-20 .
  43. Web site: How do the Iowa Caucuses work?. 2008-04-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20080106110138/http://uspolitics.about.com/od/2008elections/tp/how_caucuses_work.htm. 2008-01-06. dead.
  44. Web site: Mike Huckabee wins Iowa; Dems Clinton, Edwards, and Obama close. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20080607060821/http://cbs3.com/national/iowa.caucus.results.2.622713.html. 2008-06-07.
  45. News: Election Center 2008: Results for John Edwards . CNN . 2010-05-06.
  46. News: Election Center 2008 Results for Hillary Clinton . CNN . 2010-05-06.
  47. Web site: THE CNN / WMUR NH PRIMARY TRACKING POLL. 2008-04-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20080517055630/http://www.unh.edu/survey-center/news/pdf/primary2008_demprim10508.pdf. 2008-05-17. dead.
  48. News: CNN Political Ticker . https://web.archive.org/web/20080122103400/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/01/20/edwards-i-got-my-butt-kicked/. dead. January 22, 2008. 2010-05-06 . 2008-01-20.
  49. Web site: The Swam[: Clinton Obama showed grit at SC Debate| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131109015815/http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/news/politics/blog/2008/01/by_frank_james_it_was.html| archive-date = 2013-11-09].
  50. News: 2008: Primary Results . CNN . 2010-05-06.
  51. News: John Edwards Results . CNN . 2010-05-06.
  52. News: Edwards endorsement pays off for Obama . The New York Times.
  53. Web site: USW: Steelworkers endorse John Edwards. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20080320050833/http://www.usw.org/usw/program/content/4225.php. 2008-03-20.
  54. Web site: Obama and Edwards Sit Down in North Carolina. https://web.archive.org/web/20080419060434/http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalradar/2008/02/obama-and-edwar.html. dead. 2008-04-19.
  55. News: Hillary Sneaks Away to Seek Edwards . dead . Fox News . 2014-04-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080420154653/http://embeds.blogs.foxnews.com/2008/02/10/hillary-sneaks-away-to-seek-edwards-endorsement/ . April 20, 2008 .
  56. News: Edwards to Endorse Obama . https://archive.today/20120731000915/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/05/14/obama-to-make-major-announcement/. dead. July 31, 2012. CNN . 2010-05-06. 2008-05-14.
  57. Web site: Breaking News: Edwards endorses Obama. YouTube.
  58. Web site: Join John Edwards in growing wave of support for Barack Obama.
  59. http://www.concordmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070424/REPOSITORY/704240372/1043/NEWS01 Concord Monitor - Edwards touts endorsements
  60. http://www.nichibeitimes.com/articles/news.php?subaction=showfull&id=1177617099&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1 Nichi Bei Times | NichiBeiTimes.com | Japanese American News Since 1946
  61. http://johnedwards.com/news/headlines/20070425-maine/index.html John Edwards for President-Maine Democratic Leaders Endorse John Edwards For President
  62. http://johnedwards.com/news/headlines/200700418-ga-leaders/index.html John Edwards for President-Prominent Georgia Leaders Endorse John Edwards For President
  63. http://johnedwards.com/news/press-releases/20070228-codey/index.html John Edwards for President-Former New Jersey Governor And State Senate President Richard Codey Endorses John Edwards For President
  64. http://johnedwards.com/news/headlines/20070504-civil-rights-activists/ John Edwards for President-Prominent Civil Rights Activists Endorse Edwards For President
  65. Web site: Political Science \ Academics.
  66. News: 2007-06-21 . Candidate wife appears at fundraiser. Oklahoman . 2007-06-21.
  67. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0907/5606.html Edwards gets two big union labels - Mike Allen - Politico.com
  68. News: Transport Workers Union Endorses Edwards . September 6, 2007 . Jesse L. . Holland . . . London . 0261-3077 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071025204333/http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0%2C%2C-6900503%2C00.html . October 25, 2007 .
  69. Web site: Archived copy . 2007-09-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080123085800/http://www.madison.com/tct/mad/topstories/233948 . 2008-01-23 . dead .
  70. http://www.allamericanpatriots.com/48732245_john_edwards_john_edwards_edwards_receives_endorsement_california_elected_official_betty_ye John Edwards: Edwards Receives Endorsement From California Elected Official Betty Yee | All American Patriots
  71. http://www.whotv.com/Global/story.asp?S=7151028 WHO TV - Des Moines: 'Desperate' Star Campaigns for Edwards
  72. Web site: Edwards gets Iowa SEIU endorsement - Yahoo! News . 2017-01-14 . 2007-10-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071024031301/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20071015/ap_po/edwards_union_endorsement . dead .
  73. News: Top of the Ticket . Los Angeles Times . 2007-10-15 . 2010-05-06.
  74. http://www.ajc.com/metro/content/metro/stories/2007/10/18/edwards_1019_web.html
  75. https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20071109/ap_po/edwards_endorsement
  76. Web site: Bacon & Edwards . . 2007-12-09 . 2007-12-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100420033608/http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2007/12/bacon-edwards.html . 2010-04-20 . dead .
  77. http://www.usadaily.com/article.cfm?articleID=123743 Edwards Wins Endorsement from Friends of the Earth Action
  78. http://zcaron.mydd.com/story/2007/12/6/22539/3582 MyDD :: Harry Belafonte Endorses John Edwards
  79. http://desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071217/NEWS09/712170330/-1/NEWS04 Iowa First Lady endorsement
  80. http://www.thenation.com/blogs/campaignmatters?pid=264571 Nader supports Edwards.
  81. http://projects.newsobserver.com/under_the_dome/economists_for_edwards Economists for Edwards | newsobserver.com projects
  82. http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gPAzbGsdcK685yiFHEfcARBV8hBAD8U556501 The Associated Press: Celebrities Donate to Many Candidates
  83. http://www.fresnobee.com/opinion/story/341733.html FresnoBee.com: Opinion: McCain is top Republican; Edwards best for Dems
  84. Web site: METALLICA's LARS ULRICH Donated to JOHN EDWARDS' 2008 Presidential Campaign. 8 January 2009.
  85. Web site: Articles | the Daily Republic | Mitchell, South Dakota . 2017-10-06 . http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20080920055351/https://secure.forumcomm.com/mitchell/articles/index.cfm?page=purchase&id=23928&CFID=88853716&CFTOKEN=12985774&jsessionid=8830e72a30f96a2f5e7d . 2008-09-20 . bot: unknown .
  86. News: Wrong Turn. The Wall Street Journal . 2007-08-01 . 2007-08-08.
  87. News: Liberal Loopholes. The Wall Street Journal . 2004-07-13 . 2007-08-08.
  88. News: John Edwards and His Anti-Christian Employees. Fox News Channel . 2007-02-14 . 2007-08-08.
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