John Carroll (born 1944) is an Australian retired academic sociologist. He is Emeritus Professor of Sociology at La Trobe University in Melbourne.
John Carroll is the author of Puritan, Paranoid, Remissive (1977), Guilt (1983), Ego and Soul (1998), Humanism: The Wreck of Western Culture (1993; updated as The Wreck of Western culture: Humanism Revisited, 2004) and Intruders In The Bush: The Australian Quest For Identity (1992). His Cambridge doctoral dissertation on epistemological anarchistic and anti-rationalist themes in Max Stirner, Nietzsche and Dostoyevsky was published as Breakout from the Crystal Palace (1974). It was supervised by George Steiner. Puritan, Paranoid, Remissive (1977) echoed and developed upon themes in Philip Rieff's Triumph of the Therapeutic: Uses of Faith after Freud (1966).
Humanism (1993; 2004) is Carroll's most ambitious work. Predicated on the view that Western high culture is in a declining if not nihilistic mode, Humanism traces this decline to an epistemic tyranny of reason and its subjection of other forms of knowing and understanding being. Carroll's often bleak diagnosis is primarily based on unique readings of canonic theological, philosophical and artistic texts including those by Sophocles, Calvin, Holbein, Donatello, Shakespeare, Rembrandt, Poussin, Henry James and John Ford. The heart of the book's analysis is highly indebted to Nietzsche's critique of "Socratic" culture in The Birth of Tragedy. Terror: a Meditation on the Meaning of September 11 (2004) is an application of many of the themes in the former work.
In The Western Dreaming and The Existential Jesus, Carroll rereads Gospel narratives and the ontology of Christ through a Heideggerian and non-theistic lens.[1] Greek Pilgrimage is an unabashedly hellenophilic meditation on the nature of ancient Greek aesthetics and culture and what remains of the archaeological sites themselves.[2] Land of the Golden Cities, on the sources of Australia's current prosperity, was published by Connor Court in 2017. Carroll has published two works which draw on and deepen his prior interests: On Guilt (2020) and The Saviour Syndrome (2023).
A book of essays about his work, Metaphysical Sociology: On the Work of John Carroll (edited by Sara James), was published by Routledge in 2018. It includes Carroll's response to the contributions.[3]