| John Beatty | |
| Office: | Secretary of State of New Jersey |
| Term Start: | 1795 |
| Term End: | 1805 |
| Governor: | Richard Howell Joseph Bloomfield |
| Predecessor: | Samuel W. Stockton |
| Successor: | James Linn |
| State2: | New Jersey |
| District2: | At-large |
| Term Start2: | 1793 |
| Term End2: | 1795 alongside Elias Boudinot, Abraham Clark, Jonathan Dayton, and Lambert Cadwalader |
| Predecessor2: | Elias Boudinot, Abraham Clark, Jonathan Dayton, and Aaron Kitchell |
| Successor2: | Jonathan Dayton, Aaron Kitchell, Mark Thomson, Thomas Henderson, and Isaac Smith |
| Office3: | Speaker of the New Jersey General Assembly |
| Term Start3: | 1789 |
| Term End3: | 1790 |
| Predecessor3: | Benjamin Van Cleve |
| Successor3: | Jonathan Dayton |
| Birth Date: | 10 December 1749 |
| Birth Place: | Neshaminy, Province of Pennsylvania, British America |
| Death Place: | Trenton, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Occupation: | Physician, politician |
| Alma Mater: | College of New Jersey |
| Parents: | Charles Clinton Beatty Anne Reading |
| Relations: | John Reading (grandfather) James Clinton (great-grandfather) |
John Beatty (December 10, 1749 – May 30, 1826) was an American physician, statesman and slaveowner from Princeton, New Jersey.[1] [2]
He was born in Neshaminy in the Province of Pennsylvania on December 10, 1749.[1] Beatty was the oldest of ten children of Irish born Rev. Charles Clinton Beatty and Anne (née Reading) Beatty, who were married in 1746. His father was a Presbyterian minister who did missionary work among the Native Americans.
His maternal grandfather was John Reading, president of the New Jersey Provincial Council and acting Governor of the Province of New Jersey. His paternal grandparents were John Beatty and Christiana (née Clinton) Beatty.[3] John's grandmother was the daughter of James Clinton and the sister of Charles Clinton (himself the father of Revolutionary War Major General James Clinton and Vice President George Clinton, and the grandfather of New York Governor DeWitt Clinton).[4] [5]
Beatty graduated from the College of New Jersey (later known as Princeton University) in 1769.[6] He was a student of Founding Father Benjamin Rush.[7]
Beatty became a doctor and opened his first practice in Hartsville, Pennsylvania.[8] He rose to the rank of major in the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He was captured at the surrender of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. After his exchange, he was appointed Commissary General for Prisoners with the rank of colonel.[9] [10]
By the end of the war he had become a resident of New Jersey, serving as a member of the New Jersey Legislative Council (now the New Jersey Senate) from 1781 to 1783, representing Middlesex County,[11] and delegate from that state to the Continental Congress in 1784 and 1785.[1]
In 1784, when Thomas Jefferson's proposed ban on slavery in all future territories came up for a vote in Congress, Beatty became sick and was absent from the meeting. As Jefferson noted, "[Je]rsey would have been for it, but there were but two members, one of whom [Beatty] was sick in his chambers"; thus, New Jersey could not submit its vote.[12] The proposal failed to pass by one vote.[13]
Beatty was the speaker of the New Jersey General Assembly from 1789 to 1790, and a member of the U.S. House of Representatives in the Third Congress from 1793 to 1795. While serving in the U.S. House, he was one of nine representatives to vote against the Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution.[14] He later served as Secretary of State of New Jersey from 1795 to 1805.[1]
Beatty was married to Catherine DeKlyn (1773–1861), the daughter of Mary (née Van Sant) DeKlyn and Barnt DeKlyn, who became wealthy selling textiles to the Continental Army during the American Revolution.[15] Together, they were the parents of Robert Beatty and William Beatty.[16]
Beatty was admitted as an original member of The Society of the Cincinnati in the state of New Jersey,[17] [18] and served as the organization's treasurer from 1823 until his death on May 30, 1826, in Trenton in Mercer County, New Jersey.[19] [20]
The Presbyterian Historical Society in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has a collection of personal papers, including diaries, correspondences and genealogical notes, related to the Beatty Family. Besides John Beatty's papers, the collection also includes journals by his father, Charles Clinton Beatty, who served as an early missionary with George Duffield among Native Americans.[21]