| State Assembly1: | New Jersey |
| District1: | Town of Perth Amboy |
| Term Start1: | 1704 |
| Term End1: | 1706 |
| Predecessor1: | Miles Forster |
| Successor1: | John Harrison |
| Alongside1: | Thomas Gordon |
| Birth Place: | Scotland |
| Death Place: | Perth Amboy, Province of East Jersey |
| Children: | John Barclay |
| Occupation: | Politician |
| Nationality: | Scottish |
| Parents: | David Barclay Lady Katherine Gordon |
| Relations: | Andrew Barclay (great-grandson) Sir Robert Gordon, 1st Baronet (grandfather) |
John Barclay (– April 29, 1731) was a Scottish Quaker, younger brother of Robert Barclay and a member of Clan Barclay. He held several government positions the East Jersey colony in North America and was a member of the New Jersey General Assembly from 1704 to 1706.
Barclay was probably born at Gordonstoun in Moray, Scotland like his elder brother. He was the second son of Col. David Barclay of Urie (1580–1660) and Lady Katherine (née Gordon) Barclay (1620–1663). His father had served under Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, and pursued a somewhat tortuous course through the troubles of the English civil war, and his maternal grandfather was Sir Robert Gordon, 1st Baronet of Gordonstoun.
Barclay is believed to have first arrived in East New Jersey about 1682, but returned to Great Britain in 1683 bearing correspondence to the Proprietors from Deputy Governor Thomas Rudyard and Surveyor General Samuel Groom.[1]
He returned to East Jersey in 1684 or 1685, residing in Elizabethtown and Plainfield before settling in Perth Amboy in 1688.
In January 1688–89, Barclay was appointed Deputy Surveyor General under George Keith. He received the appointment on April 6, 1692, to succeed Keith in office, along with the position of Receiver General. He took the oath of office the following November 1.
In 1692 and 1693, John Barclay served in the East New Jersey General Assembly, representing the Town of Perth Amboy. On November 25, 1695, Barclay was appointed Deputy Provincial Secretary and Register, succeeding Thomas Gordon, who had returned to Great Britain. On August 6, 1698, he was appointed Register of the Court of Chancery and as a Commissioner of the Court of Small Causes.[2] He returned to the Legislature in 1698 and 1699, this time representing Middlesex County.[3]
In 1700, Barclay was appointed Clerk of the Court of Common Right, Clerk of the Supreme Court and Clerk of the Court of Sessions.[2]
After the late 1690s the government of East and West Jersey became increasingly dysfunctional. This ultimately resulted in the surrender by the Proprietors of East Jersey and those of West Jersey of the right of government to Queen Anne. Anne's government united the two colonies as the Province of New Jersey, a royal colony, establishing a new system of government. This reorganization and the period leading up to it saw many New Jersey politicians jockeying for power and influence in the new government.
After the unification of the Jerseys, John Barclay represented the Town of Perth Amboy constituency in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1704 to 1706.[3] While in the Assembly, he was one of the legislators who incurred the wrath of Governor Viscount Cornbury. A specific issue between Barclay and Cornbury was the removal of Proprietary records from the hands of Barclay and Thomas Gordon to the custody of Peter Sonmans. This dispute culminated in Sonmans having Barclay arrested one Sunday while exiting his church.[4]
Barclay was married to Katherine Rescarrick (–1703). Together, they were the parents of two sons:[5] [6]
John Barclay's later years were spent in Perth Amboy in East New Jersey, where he died on April 29, 1731.[6]
Through his son Thomas, he was a grandfather of New York merchant Andrew Barclay (1719–1775).[5]