| Johann Alexander Döderlein | |
| Birth Date: | 11 February 1675 |
| Death Place: | Weißenburg am Sand |
| Alma Mater: | University of Altdorf |
| Occupation: | historian, polymath, educationist, philologist, numismatist, antiquarian, and chronicler |
Johann Alexander Döderlein (February 11, 1675 - October 23, 1745) was a German historian, philologist and numismatist.He studied at University of Altdorf near Nuremberg. He was polymath and his field of work included archaeology, classical studies, meteorology, and regional history. Döderlein was a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences and of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. He was rector of the Alte Lateinschule, the former school of Weißenburg am Sand.