| Joe Madison Kilgore | |
| Office: | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 15th district |
| Term Start: | January 3, 1955 |
| Term End: | January 3, 1965 |
| Succeeded: | Kika de la Garza |
| Office2: | Member of the Texas House of Representatives from Hidalgo County |
| Term Start2: | 1947 |
| Term End2: | 1955 |
| Preceded2: | Eugene Harrell |
| Succeeded2: | John Taylor Ellis, Jr. |
| Birth Date: | 10 December 1918 |
| Birth Place: | Brownwood, Texas, U.S. |
| Death Place: | Austin, Texas, U.S. |
| Resting Place: | Texas State Cemetery in Austin |
| Occupation: | Lawyer |
| Spouse: | Jane Redman Kilgore |
| Branch: | United States Army Air Corps |
| Battles: | World War II Mediterranean Theater of Operations |
| Awards: | Silver Star, Distinguished Flying Cross, and Air Medal with two Oak leaf clusters |
Joe Madison Kilgore (December 10, 1918 - February 10, 1999) was an American lawyer, politician, and decorated World War II veteran who served five terms as a U.S. Representative from Texas's 15th congressional district from 1955 to 1965.
Born in Brown County, near Brownwood in west central Texas, Kilgore attended the public schools of Rising Star in Eastland County in north central Texas. In 1929, he moved with his family to Mission in south Texas, where he also attended public schools.
From 1935 to 1936, Kilgore attended Trinity University, then known as Westmoreland College, located in San Antonio, Texas.
His legal studies were interrupted at the University of Texas School of Law in July 1941 to enlist in the United States Army Air Corps. He was a combat pilot in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations.
Kilgore was awarded the Silver Star, Distinguished Flying Cross, and Air Medal with two Oak leaf clusters. He was discharged from the Army in 1945 as a lieutenant colonel.
He returned to law school, and in 1946 he was admitted to the bar. He began his law practice in Edinburg, Texas in Hidalgo County in south Texas.
He served as member of the Texas House from 1947 to 1955. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conventions in 1956, 1960, and 1968.
Kilgore was elected as a Democrat to the Eighty-fourth and to the four succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1955 to January 3, 1965), when he was one of the majority of the Texan delegation to decline to sign the 1956 Southern Manifesto opposing the desegregation of public schools ordered by the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education. Kilgore voted against the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution,[1] [2] but in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1960.[3] He was not a candidate for renomination in 1964 to the Eighty-ninth Congress.
Instead, he resumed the practice of law, residing in Austin until his death there on February 10, 1999. He is interred in Austin at the Texas State Cemetery alongside his wife, the former Jane Redman (1923-2006).