| Joaquín Mosquera y Arboleda | |
| Office: | 3rd Vice President of the Republic of New Granada |
| Term Start: | May 12, 1833 |
| Term End: | April 1, 1835 May 2 - November 1, 1831 |
| President: | Francisco de Paula Santander |
| Predecessor: | José Ignacio de Márquez |
| Successor: | José Ignacio de Márquez |
| Birthname: | Joaquín Mariano Mosquera y Arboleda |
| Nationality: | Neogranadine |
| Birth Date: | 14 December 1787 |
| Birth Place: | Popayán, Popayán, Viceroyalty of the New Granada |
| Death Place: | Santa Fe de Bogotá, Cundinamarca, United States of Colombia |
| Spouse: | María Josefa Mosquera Hurtado |
Joaquín Mariano de Mosquera-Figueroa y Arboleda-Salazar (14 December 1787 – 4 April 1878) was a Colombian statesman and a Founding Father of Colombia who served as the 3rd and 5th President of Gran Colombia. Mosquera also served as Vice President of the Republic of New Granada. During the administration of President Simón Bolívar, he was named as the 1st Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the nascent states of Peru, the United Provinces of South America, and Chile with the purpose of creating unity amongst the South American nations.